临床护理练习卷（附答案）

Seasonal influenza is mainly spread by:

1. ARespiratory droplets and contaminated hands or surfaces
2. BContaminated food only
3. CBlood transfusions and contaminated needles
4. DMosquito and other insect bites in warm weather

On a drug chart, "PRN" means a medicine is given:

1. AWhen required
2. BEvery morning
3. COnce only
4. DAt night

What is a PEG tube?

1. AA feeding tube placed through the abdominal wall into the stomach
2. BA tube placed through the skin into the bladder to drain urine
3. CA tube passed through the nose and down into the stomach
4. DA tube placed in the chest to drain air

Why are patients encouraged to use an incentive spirometer after abdominal surgery?

1. ATo lower their heart rate before mobilising
2. BTo strengthen the abdominal muscles around the wound
3. CTo measure their lung function so the result can go in the discharge letter
4. DTo encourage deep breaths that prevent atelectasis and chest infection

Which features suggest Cushing's syndrome?

1. ACoarse facial features and very large hands and feet
2. BWeight loss, heat intolerance, tremor and protruding eyes
3. CDark skin, low blood pressure, salt craving and a low blood sodium level
4. DWeight gain around the trunk, a rounded face and thin, easily bruised skin

低钠血症患者应特别监测：

1. A意识混乱、头痛和癫痫发作
2. B鲜红色皮疹
3. C毛发增多
4. D听力下降

A seriously ill patient asks the nurse, "Am I dying?" What is the best initial response?

1. AChange the subject quickly to keep them cheerful and avoid upsetting them
2. BLeave and send the doctor without saying anything
3. CGently explore what the patient understands and what has prompted the question
4. DTell the patient not to think about such things and to stay positive

A postoperative patient on IV fluids has a sodium of 128 mmol/L and is becoming confused. Which fluid could make this worse if given in large amounts?

1. AHartmann's solution (similar to lactated Ringer's)
2. B5% glucose (D5W)
3. CHuman albumin solution
4. D0.9% sodium chloride