临床护理练习卷（附答案）

为什么重度 COPD 患者常采用较低的血氧饱和度目标（88–92%）？

1. A只有在 COPD 中氧气才易燃
2. B他们的肺完全不能吸收氧气
3. C氧气会加重他们的胸痛
4. D高流量吸氧可能使其中部分患者发生二氧化碳潴留

What is a PEG tube?

1. AA tube placed through the skin into the bladder to drain urine
2. BA tube passed through the nose and down into the stomach
3. CA feeding tube placed through the abdominal wall into the stomach
4. DA tube placed in the chest to drain air

In which type of fracture does the broken bone break through the skin?

1. AA greenstick fracture
2. BA closed (simple) fracture
3. CA stress fracture
4. DAn open (compound) fracture

A very anxious patient breathes rapidly for a long period. Which change is expected?

1. ARespiratory alkalosis from a low PaCO₂
2. BMetabolic acidosis from a low bicarbonate
3. CMetabolic alkalosis from vomiting
4. DRespiratory acidosis from a high PaCO₂

A patient says they are "allergic" to codeine because it made them constipated. How should this be recorded?

1. AAs an allergy to all painkillers
2. BAs a side effect or intolerance, not a true allergy
3. CIt should not be recorded at all
4. DAs a severe anaphylactic allergy to all opioids

After a needlestick injury from a patient known to have HIV, why must the nurse report it immediately?

1. AThe patient will need antibiotics
2. BThe needle must be sent for culture
3. CPost-exposure prophylaxis works best when started as soon as possible
4. DThe nurse must be tested for HIV the same day to confirm infection

一名长期使用类固醇的患者在呕吐、漏服药物后急性起病，出现低血压和意识混乱。应考虑哪种急症？

1. A甲状腺危象
2. B肾上腺危象
3. C高钙血症
4. D尿崩症

A patient with back pain develops numbness around the anus and genitals and new difficulty passing urine. Which condition should be suspected?

1. ASimple muscle strain
2. BCauda equina syndrome
3. CConstipation
4. DKidney stones