临床护理练习卷（附答案）

"咖啡渣样"呕吐物提示：

1. A上消化道出血
2. B伴呕吐但无任何出血的食物中毒
3. C肾衰竭
4. D结肠下段的肠梗阻

在急症患者的 ABCDE 评估法中，"A"代表什么？

1. A过敏（Allergies）
2. B评估（Assessment）
3. C气道（Airway）
4. D镇痛（Analgesia）

The term "polypharmacy" usually means:

1. AGiving one medicine by several routes
2. BA single medicine that contains many active ingredients
3. CA pharmacy that sells many different brands
4. DA patient taking many medicines at the same time

A patient is receiving enteral feeding through a nasogastric tube. How should they be positioned during feeding?

1. AWith the head of the bed raised to at least 30 degrees
2. BLying completely flat
3. CIn any position, as long as the feed runs slowly
4. DLying on the left side with the head down to help the feed drain

哪种药物用于逆转普通肝素？

1. A纳洛酮
2. B硫酸鱼精蛋白
3. C氟马西尼
4. D维生素 K（植物甲萘醌）

Which side effect is associated with SGLT2 inhibitors such as dapagliflozin?

1. ABradycardia
2. BGenital fungal infections
3. CHair loss
4. DSevere weight gain and fluid retention

Why are early surgery and early mobilisation recommended for older patients with a hip fracture?

1. AThey allow the bone to heal fully without any need for pain relief
2. BThey mainly reduce the cost of the operation
3. CThey make physiotherapy and rehabilitation unnecessary after discharge
4. DThey reduce complications such as pneumonia, pressure ulcers and delirium

A postoperative patient on IV fluids has a sodium of 128 mmol/L and is becoming confused. Which fluid could make this worse if given in large amounts?

1. AHuman albumin solution
2. BHartmann's solution (similar to lactated Ringer's)
3. C5% glucose (D5W)
4. D0.9% sodium chloride