临床护理练习卷（附答案）

哪项体征提示成人脱水？

1. A两天内体重增加
2. B口干、尿液深色浓缩以及心动过速
3. C口腔湿润、尿色浅、脉搏正常
4. D踝部肿胀、肺部湿啰音和颈静脉压升高

A patient's care plan says "nil by mouth". What does this mean?

1. ANo food or drink by mouth unless specific exceptions are prescribed
2. BThe patient may eat if they feel hungry
3. CFood is allowed, but drinks must be stopped until the next day
4. DOnly clear fluids such as water and black tea are allowed

In acute appendicitis, where does the pain classically start and where does it move to?

1. AIt starts in the left lower abdomen and stays there
2. BIt starts in the right upper abdomen and moves up to the centre of the chest
3. CIt starts around the umbilicus and moves to the right lower abdomen
4. DIt starts in the left shoulder and moves to the back

A patient has lost more than 10% of their body weight without trying over the last few months and has a low BMI. What is the most appropriate action?

1. ARefer to the dietitian and start a nutrition care plan with food charts
2. BWeigh the patient again in six months and review at that point
3. CRestrict fluids to encourage appetite and give a low-protein diet instead
4. DEncourage a low-calorie diet

Why is an ankle–brachial pressure index (ABPI) measured before applying compression bandages to a leg ulcer?

1. ATo measure how deep the ulcer is and how much exudate it produces
2. BTo exclude significant arterial disease, as compression could cut off blood flow
3. CTo work out the patient's fluid needs
4. DTo check for a urinary tract infection that could delay ulcer healing

一名患者腹部僵硬如板，因活动会加重疼痛而一动不动地躺着。这提示什么？

1. A消化不良
2. B便秘
3. C腹膜炎
4. D尿路感染

A patient with back pain develops numbness around the anus and genitals and new difficulty passing urine. Which condition should be suspected?

1. ASimple muscle strain
2. BCauda equina syndrome
3. CConstipation
4. DKidney stones

Which drug group is first-line for a prolonged convulsive seizure?

1. ABenzodiazepines, such as buccal midazolam or IV lorazepam
2. BOpioids, such as morphine or diamorphine, given intravenously
3. CAntihistamines, such as chlorphenamine
4. DBeta-blockers, such as bisoprolol or atenolol