临床护理练习卷（附答案）

心肌梗死最典型的症状是什么？

1. A胸部正中疼痛或压迫感，可放射到手臂或下颌
2. B按压某根肋骨时出现锐痛
3. C只有右下腹疼痛
4. D深呼吸时加重、身体前倾时缓解的锐痛

患者刚刚发生癫痫发作，现在昏昏欲睡。首要措施是什么？

1. A用力按住防止其活动
2. B让其睡觉醒酒，不再做任何进一步观察
3. C置于复苏体位（侧卧位），保持气道通畅
4. D立即给予食物和水

What is the usual normal white cell count in adults?

1. AAbout 50–80 × 10⁹/L (50,000–80,000/mm³)
2. BAbout 0.1–0.5 × 10⁹/L (100–500/mm³)
3. CAbout 150–400 × 10⁹/L (150,000–400,000/mm³)
4. DAbout 4–11 × 10⁹/L (4,000–11,000/mm³)

Why does a patient with a suspected TIA need urgent specialist assessment?

1. AThe patient needs urgent surgery on the brain
2. BThe symptoms will come back permanently within an hour
3. CA TIA always turns into a brain tumour unless it is treated
4. DThe risk of a full stroke is highest in the days after a TIA

A very anxious patient breathes rapidly for a long period. Which change is expected?

1. ARespiratory acidosis from a high PaCO₂
2. BMetabolic acidosis from a low bicarbonate
3. CMetabolic alkalosis from vomiting
4. DRespiratory alkalosis from a low PaCO₂

一名 1 型糖尿病患者血糖 25 mmol/L，呼吸深快，尿中有酮体。最可能的诊断是什么？

1. A低血糖
2. B正常的血糖波动
3. C无酮体的高渗高血糖状态
4. D糖尿病酮症酸中毒

A patient going home after chemotherapy is taught about infection. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"If I get a temperature, I'll take paracetamol and wait until my next clinic."
2. B"I will check my temperature if I feel unwell or shivery at home."
3. C"I will phone the helpline if I have a fever or shivering."
4. D"I will wash my hands well before eating and after using the toilet."

In a patient with a head injury, which is usually the earliest sign of rising intracranial pressure?

1. AIrregular breathing pauses
2. BA fixed, dilated pupil on both sides
3. CA slow pulse with high blood pressure
4. DA change in level of consciousness