感染控制与患者安全练习卷（附答案）

Which signs are typical of a local infection in a wound?

1. APallor, coolness and numbness
2. BRedness, warmth, swelling and pain
3. CDry, flaky skin with mild itching
4. DBluish skin and a weak distal pulse

What is the main safety purpose of needleless IV connectors?

1. ATo remove the need for hand hygiene
2. BTo make IV fluids flow faster
3. CTo stop the patient from moving the IV line
4. DTo reduce needlestick injuries to staff

Several people develop Salmonella infection after eating the same undercooked chicken. Which mode of transmission is this?

1. AVector-borne transmission
2. BVehicle transmission
3. CDirect contact transmission
4. DAirborne transmission

在台面上打开无菌包时，应先打开哪一片包布？

1. A离护士最远的一片
2. B最容易够到的那片侧边包布
3. C同时打开所有包布
4. D离护士最近的一片

Which practice makes shift handoff safer?

1. AUsing a standard format such as SBAR or I-PASS, with time for questions
2. BLeaving written notes only, without a chance for questions
3. CGiving handoff in a busy corridor so that the outgoing nurse can leave on time
4. DGiving handoff from memory without any structure

关于使用身体约束，下列哪项说法正确？

1. A首先采用替代措施，并需要有时限的医嘱
2. B长期有效的“必要时”约束医嘱是良好的做法
3. C只要病房护理人手不足就可以使用约束
4. D每班结束时检查一次约束即可

A nurse notices that the pharmacy has sent the wrong dose and corrects it before giving it. Should the event be reported?

1. AOnly if the same error happens three times
2. BNo, because reporting near misses only blames the pharmacy staff for nothing
3. CYes, near misses are reported so system weaknesses can be fixed
4. DNo, because the patient was not harmed

Shortly after a patient falls, the team holds a brief “post-fall huddle”. What is its main purpose?

1. ATo decide which staff member was to blame for the fall
2. BTo complete the patient’s discharge paperwork
3. CTo find out quickly why the fall happened and change the care plan to prevent another
4. DTo agree on what the team will tell the patient’s lawyer and the family