感染控制与患者安全练习卷（附答案）

What does the abbreviation MRSA stand for?

1. AMultidrug-resistant Streptococcus agalactiae
2. BMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
3. CMultiply-resistant Salmonella agent
4. DMethicillin-reactive Staphylococcus albus

Which item is “non-critical” and needs only cleaning and low-level disinfection between patients?

1. AA flexible gastroscope
2. BA blood pressure cuff
3. CA set of surgical forceps
4. DA central venous catheter

When should the side rails of a young child’s hospital crib be fully raised?

1. AOnly at night while the child sleeps
2. BOnly if the child has fallen before
3. COnly when a parent asks for them to be raised before leaving the room
4. DWhenever the child is in the crib and the nurse steps away

患者在床上时，其病房里的垃圾桶起了小火。护士首先应做什么？

1. A打开窗户排烟
2. B打电话向主管报告火情
3. C把患者从紧急危险中转移出来
4. D去找最近的灭火器

A patient is on suicide precautions. Which room safety measure is appropriate?

1. AAllow glass bottles if the patient seems calm
2. BRemove items that could be used for self-harm, such as belts and cords
3. CKeep the door closed at all times so the patient has privacy
4. DLet the patient keep a personal razor for shaving, as long as staff are told

一名护士被已知感染 HIV 的患者用过的针头刺伤。为什么必须立即上报？

1. A只有静脉注射针头造成的损伤才需要上报
2. B一个月内任何时候上报都不会改变风险
3. C只有伤口出血或较深时才需要上报
4. D暴露后预防用药在数小时内开始效果最好

A patient arrives in the operating room for knee surgery, and the site has not been marked. What should happen?

1. ALet the circulating nurse mark the site from memory of the surgeon’s plan
2. BDo not start until the site is marked and verified with the patient
3. CStart the surgery, because the consent form shows the side
4. DMark the site after the patient is anesthetized and draped

An 84-year-old resident with an indwelling catheter suddenly becomes confused but has no fever. What should the nurse consider?

1. AThe confusion is part of normal aging at this age and needs no further action
2. BA sedative is needed to keep the resident calm
3. CInfection can be ruled out because there is no fever
4. DAn infection may present as confusion in older adults, so assess further and report