感染控制与患者安全练习卷（附答案）

In the chain of infection, a contaminated bedside table where bacteria live and multiply is an example of which link?

1. AThe susceptible host
2. BThe reservoir
3. CThe portal of entry
4. DThe portal of exit

Surgical instruments that enter sterile tissue are “critical” items. Which processing do they need before reuse?

1. ACleaning with detergent and water only
2. BLow-level disinfection
3. CSterilization
4. DHigh-level disinfection

According to the ISMP (US) list of error-prone abbreviations, how should the route “subcutaneous” be written in a medication order?

1. AAs “sub-Q” with a plus sign
2. BAs “SQ”
3. CAs “SC”
4. DAs “subcut” or “subcutaneously”

Which practice makes shift handoff safer?

1. AGiving handoff in a busy corridor so that the outgoing nurse can leave on time
2. BUsing a standard format such as SBAR or I-PASS, with time for questions
3. CLeaving written notes only, without a chance for questions
4. DGiving handoff from memory without any structure

患者的身份腕带丢失，而有一种药物到了给药时间。护士应怎么做？

1. A先用两项识别信息确认身份，并重新戴上新腕带
2. B跳过该药，等到第二天
3. C用房间号和床号确认身份
4. D直接给药，因为护士昨天就认识这位患者

A newly hired nurse had BCG vaccine as a child. Which TB screening test is usually preferred?

1. AA chest x-ray every month for the first year
2. BA tuberculin skin test, which is read 24 hours after it is placed
3. CAn interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) blood test
4. DNo screening, because BCG prevents all TB

A nurse has raised a safety concern about an order with the prescriber, who dismissed it without addressing it. What should the nurse do next?

1. ADiscuss the concern with the patient and let them decide
2. BCarry out the order as written, because the prescriber has heard the concern
3. CRefuse to care for the patient for the rest of the shift until the prescriber apologizes
4. DState the concern clearly a second time and, if still unresolved, use the chain of command

An IV bag from the pharmacy holds the correct drug, but the label shows another patient’s name. What should the nurse do?

1. ACross out the name and write in the correct patient’s name
2. BNot hang it, and get a correctly labeled bag from the pharmacy
3. CAsk the patient whether it is fine to use the bag
4. DHang it, because the drug and dose are correct