感染控制与患者安全练习卷（附答案）

在感染链中，手卫生切断的是哪一环？

1. A仅切断排出途径
2. B仅切断易感宿主
3. C仅切断病原体的储存宿主
4. D传播途径

Which precautions are used for a patient with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia?

1. AAirborne precautions
2. BContact precautions only
3. CStandard precautions only
4. DDroplet precautions

Surgical instruments that enter sterile tissue are “critical” items. Which processing do they need before reuse?

1. ACleaning with detergent and water only
2. BHigh-level disinfection
3. CLow-level disinfection
4. DSterilization

Which practice makes shift handoff safer?

1. AUsing a standard format such as SBAR or I-PASS, with time for questions
2. BGiving handoff in a busy corridor so that the outgoing nurse can leave on time
3. CLeaving written notes only, without a chance for questions
4. DGiving handoff from memory without any structure

A patient receiving continuous nasogastric feeding has pulled the tube partly out. What should the nurse do first?

1. ATape the tube in its new position and continue
2. BPush the tube back in and restart the feed
3. CStop the feeding until the tube position is checked
4. DIncrease the feed rate to make up for the lost time

Hair must be removed from a planned surgical site. Which method reduces the risk of surgical site infection?

1. AUsing wax strips on the morning of surgery
2. BClipping with electric clippers just before surgery
3. CShaving with a razor just before the incision
4. DShaving with a disposable razor the night before surgery

A patient’s white cell differential shows a raised number of band (immature) neutrophils, called a “shift to the left”. What does this usually suggest?

1. AAn acute bacterial infection
2. BA long-standing parasitic infection
3. CAn allergic reaction
4. DA typical viral infection

一名活动性肺结核患者要求访客进来探视。最佳回应是什么？

1. A请访客站在敞开的门口，而不进入房间
2. B为了支持患者，让任何访客不加任何预防措施地进入
3. C永久禁止一切接触，包括电话
4. D解释风险，限制探视，并教访客使用所提供的防护