感染控制与患者安全练习卷（附答案）

Why is a carbon monoxide detector recommended in the home?

1. AThe detector also measures the air temperature and humidity in the home
2. BCarbon monoxide is only dangerous outdoors
3. CCarbon monoxide always smells like rotten eggs
4. DCarbon monoxide has no color or smell, so people cannot detect it themselves

A patient is transferred with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE). Which precautions are used in the hospital?

1. AContact precautions
2. BA protective environment
3. CAirborne precautions
4. DDroplet precautions

In quality improvement, what does the PDSA cycle stand for?

1. APlan, Do, Study, Act
2. BPrepare, Deliver, Score, Assess
3. CPlan, Document, Supervise, Audit
4. DPredict, Decide, Start, Analyze

A patient with delirium is at risk of falls and of pulling out lines. Which option is less restrictive than restraints?

1. AFour side rails raised and the door closed so the patient stays in bed
2. BA vest restraint applied for the whole night
3. CA sedative given every few hours as needed
4. DA trained sitter or video monitoring with staff nearby

A patient with diabetes will use lancets and insulin needles at home. Which teaching about disposal is correct?

1. ARecap each needle with two hands before putting it in the kitchen trash
2. BPut them loose in the household trash bag, as long as the bag is tied shut
3. CPut them in a puncture-resistant container with a lid and follow local disposal rules
4. DFlush the used lancets and needles down the toilet

A peripheral IV site is red, warm and tender along the vein. What should the nurse do?

1. AApply a warm pack and keep using the same site
2. BRemove the catheter and insert a new one at another site if still needed
3. CIncrease the infusion rate to finish the bag sooner
4. DFlush the catheter harder to clear the vein and keep using the same site

A patient’s white cell differential shows a raised number of band (immature) neutrophils, called a “shift to the left”. What does this usually suggest?

1. AAn acute bacterial infection
2. BAn allergic reaction
3. CA long-standing parasitic infection
4. DA typical viral infection

A nurse teaches a patient with neutropenia about preventing infection at home. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A“I can clean the cat’s litter box if I wear a face mask.”
2. B“I will wash my hands often and ask visitors to do the same.”
3. C“I will check my temperature and call if I have a fever.”
4. D“I will avoid crowds and people who have colds.”