感染控制与患者安全练习卷（附答案）

In which order is personal protective equipment usually put on (CDC sequence)?

1. AMask or respirator, gloves, gown, goggles or face shield
2. BGloves, gown, goggles or face shield, mask or respirator
3. CGown, mask or respirator, goggles or face shield, gloves
4. DGoggles or face shield, gloves, mask or respirator, gown

Which is one of the body’s first-line, non-specific defenses against infection?

1. AAntibodies made after vaccination
2. BIntact skin
3. CMemory T cells
4. DAntibiotics in the bloodstream

Which basic fall-prevention measure applies to every patient?

1. AKeep the room dark at all times so the patient rests
2. BKeep the call light (call bell) and personal items within easy reach
3. CRaise all four side rails whenever the patient is in bed
4. DUse wrist restraints at night for every patient

对于感染 Neisseria meningitidis 的患者，飞沫传播预防通常应在何时停止？

1. A有效抗生素治疗 24 小时后
2. B给予第一剂抗生素后立即停止
3. C仅在患者出院后
4. D退热一小时后

一名患者胸部某一区域出现带状疱疹（herpes zoster），免疫功能正常，且皮损可以完全遮盖。通常需要采取哪种预防措施？

1. A仅飞沫传播预防
2. B正压保护性环境
3. C在负压病房中采取空气传播预防
4. D标准预防，并遮盖皮损

A patient has a very low platelet count. Which safety measure is appropriate?

1. AUse a firm toothbrush and a safety razor
2. BTake rectal temperatures for accuracy
3. CUse a soft toothbrush and an electric razor
4. DFloss hard each day to keep the gums healthy

A nurse teaches the daughter of a patient with moderate Alzheimer’s disease about home safety. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A“I keep her medicines locked away and give each dose to her myself.”
2. B“I let Mom cook alone on the gas stove because she enjoys it.”
3. C“She wears an ID bracelet in case she gets lost.”
4. D“We put locks high up on the outside doors.”

A patient on long-term high-dose corticosteroids asks for the nasal spray influenza vaccine. What should the nurse explain?

1. APeople on steroids should never have any influenza vaccine
2. BEither type is fine, as long as it is given in the morning
3. CThe nasal spray is a live vaccine, so the injected inactivated vaccine is used instead
4. DThe nasal spray is the best choice for people on steroids, because it is not injected