感染控制与患者安全练习卷（附答案）

What is the difference between an epidemic and a pandemic?

1. AA pandemic is an epidemic that spreads across several countries or continents
2. BAn epidemic is a disease that is always present at a low level
3. CA pandemic is a disease that only affects animals and never spreads to people
4. DAn epidemic always affects more people than a pandemic

Which vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine?

1. AInjected inactivated influenza vaccine
2. BMMR (measles, mumps, rubella)
3. CHepatitis B vaccine
4. DTetanus toxoid vaccine

Why are a low bed and floor mats used for some patients at high risk of falls?

1. AThey make it easier for staff to clean under and around the bed
2. BThey help the patient sleep more deeply
3. CThey reduce the risk of injury if the patient falls out of bed
4. DThey stop the patient from ever leaving the bed

Which kitchen practice helps prevent scald burns in young children?

1. ALeave hot drinks at the edge of the table
2. BHold the child while drinking a hot drink
3. CTurn pot handles toward the back of the stove
4. DLet the child stand on a chair beside the stove

使用中心静脉导管接头之前，护士应该做什么？

1. A轻轻吹接头以去除灰尘
2. B用消毒剂擦洗接头并待其干燥
3. C什么都不用做，因为接头在无菌帽的保护下
4. D用干的无菌纱布快速擦拭

Why does a nurse wear chemotherapy-tested gloves and a gown when emptying the urinal of a patient who recently had chemotherapy?

1. AThe patient is on airborne precautions after treatment
2. BChemotherapy makes the urine strongly acidic and corrosive
3. CThe body fluids can contain active drug for a time after treatment
4. DThe urine always contains infectious bacteria after chemotherapy

A patient has signed a surgical consent form but tells the nurse, “I don’t really understand what they are going to do.” What should the nurse do?

1. AReassure the patient that the surgeon knows best and continue with the preparation
2. BGive the preoperative sedative so the patient relaxes
3. CInform the surgeon so the procedure can be explained again before any sedation
4. DExplain the risks and benefits in place of the surgeon

A patient arrives in the operating room for knee surgery, and the site has not been marked. What should happen?

1. AMark the site after the patient is anesthetized and draped
2. BStart the surgery, because the consent form shows the side
3. CDo not start until the site is marked and verified with the patient
4. DLet the circulating nurse mark the site from memory of the surgeon’s plan