感染控制与患者安全练习卷（附答案）

Which type of knot is used to secure the straps of a restraint?

1. AA tight double knot
2. BA quick-release knot
3. CA square knot
4. DA knot tied on the patient’s wrist

How should a nurse clean a stethoscope between patients?

1. AClean it once a week, unless it is visibly dirty
2. BWipe the diaphragm and tubing with an alcohol or approved disinfectant wipe
3. CSend it to be sterilized in an autoclave after every single patient contact
4. DRinse it under running water and dry it on a towel

Why are patients usually kept nil by mouth (NPO) for a period before general anesthesia?

1. ATo reduce the risk of aspirating stomach contents
2. BTo lower the risk of a wound infection
3. CTo prevent the patient from needing the toilet
4. DTo make the patient lose weight before surgery

Before inserting a peripheral IV, the nurse cleans the skin with chlorhexidine-alcohol. What should the nurse do next?

1. ALet it dry fully and do not touch the site again
2. BBlow on the site so it dries faster
3. CFeel for the vein again with an ungloved finger
4. DWipe it off with a dry gauze straight away

How is a urine specimen for culture obtained from an indwelling catheter?

1. AFrom the urine already collected in the drainage bag at the bedside
2. BFrom the sampling port, after cleaning it, using aseptic technique
3. CBy disconnecting the catheter from the drainage tubing
4. DBy removing the catheter and sending its tip for culture

A patient with delirium is at risk of falls and of pulling out lines. Which option is less restrictive than restraints?

1. AA sedative given every few hours as needed
2. BA trained sitter or video monitoring with staff nearby
3. CFour side rails raised and the door closed so the patient stays in bed
4. DA vest restraint applied for the whole night

一名患有唇疱疹（herpes labialis）的护士被分配到新生儿室。最恰当的做法是什么？

1. A不告诉任何人，上班时用化妆品遮住皮损
2. B戴上手套，照常工作
3. C告知主管，主管可能暂时调整其工作安排
4. D照常工作，因为唇疱疹很常见

An 82-year-old patient is prescribed diphenhydramine at bedtime for sleep. Why should the nurse raise this with the prescriber?

1. AIt is too weak to help an older person sleep
2. BIt is only available as an IV drug and cannot be given by mouth at bedtime
3. CIt raises blood pressure in most older adults
4. DIt is strongly anticholinergic and can cause confusion and falls in older adults