感染控制与患者安全练习卷（附答案）

A patient uses glasses and a hearing aid. How does this affect fall prevention?

1. AThey should be stored away to prevent them from being lost
2. BThey should only be worn during meals and visits, to keep them from breaking
3. CThe glasses and hearing aid should be in place and working when the patient is awake
4. DThey make no difference to the risk of falling

What are the Beers criteria?

1. AA scale used to measure the risk of pressure injuries in older adults
2. BA set of rules for giving blood products
3. CA list of potentially inappropriate medicines for older adults
4. DA list of drugs that are safe during pregnancy

Which PPE is needed when a nurse draws blood from a vein?

1. AA sterile gown
2. BAn N95 respirator
3. CA full face shield and boots
4. DGloves

哪位护士不应被分配护理带有密封放射性植入物的患者？

1. A怀孕的护士
2. B接受过辐射安全培训的护士
3. C佩戴剂量计徽章的护士
4. D在本病区工作了两年的护士

护理采取空气传播预防的患者后，N95 呼吸器应在何时摘下？

1. A刚进入房间后立即摘下
2. B绝不摘下；整个班次都佩戴
3. C在房间内、脱手套之前
4. D离开房间并关上门之后

Why is keeping a patient warm (normothermia) during surgery part of infection prevention?

1. ACold makes bacteria grow faster in the operating room air and on the drapes
2. BWarmth sterilizes the surgical site
3. CWarm patients do not need antibiotic prophylaxis
4. DLow body temperature reduces blood flow and immune function in the wound

A patient’s blood splashes onto a nurse’s forearm. The skin is intact. What is the correct response?

1. AWash the area with soap and water, then follow the reporting policy
2. BStart HIV post-exposure prophylaxis right away, before any other step is taken
3. CDo nothing, because intact skin cannot be contaminated
4. DScrub the area with undiluted bleach

一名患者伤口曾感染 MRSA，现在需要换药。哪种个人防护装备是恰当的？

1. A不用个人防护装备，只要事后清洁双手即可
2. B仅戴无菌手套，不穿隔离衣或其他防护
3. C隔离衣和手套，若可能有飞溅则加戴护目装备和口罩
4. D仅戴 N95 呼吸器，因为 MRSA 是耐药菌