感染控制与患者安全练习卷（附答案）

手术开始前的“暂停核查”（time-out）目的是什么？

1. A让手术团队在开始手术前短暂休息
2. B与整个团队共同确认患者、手术方式和手术部位
3. C让患者签署知情同意书
4. D在手术结束后清点器械和纱布

Why is the symbol “µg” avoided in medication orders?

1. AIt is the symbol for micrograms of alcohol and is only used in laboratory reports
2. BIt means “units per gram” in some countries
3. CIt can be misread as “mg”, giving a dose a thousand times too high
4. DIt can only be used for intravenous drugs

A blood test shows a positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). What does this mean?

1. AThe person currently has hepatitis B infection
2. BThe person has hepatitis A infection
3. CThe person has never been exposed to hepatitis B
4. DThe person is immune from vaccination

A patient with delirium is at risk of falls and of pulling out lines. Which option is less restrictive than restraints?

1. AA trained sitter or video monitoring with staff nearby
2. BA sedative given every few hours as needed
3. CA vest restraint applied for the whole night
4. DFour side rails raised and the door closed so the patient stays in bed

A child has swallowed a button battery. Why is this urgent?

1. AIt always passes through the gut without harm
2. BThe only risk is poisoning from heavy metals years later
3. CIt can burn through the lining of the esophagus within hours
4. DIt is only harmful if several batteries are swallowed

A nurse cleans an IV pump with a disinfectant wipe. What must happen for the disinfectant to work?

1. AThe surface is dried with a clean towel right after wiping
2. BThe surface is wiped once lightly without pressure
3. CThe surface stays wet for the contact time on the product label
4. DThe wipe is used on many pumps to save product

在为中心静脉导管无菌换药时，一名同事越过打开的无菌区把一卷胶带递给护士。护士应怎么做？

1. A继续操作，因为同事没有碰到任何无菌物品
2. B将该无菌区视为已污染，重新铺设
3. C用无菌巾盖住该区域，并在其上继续操作
4. D只移除手臂经过处最近的物品

护士的哪项行为表明她遵守了手卫生五个时刻？

1. A她只在班次开始和结束时清洁双手
2. B她只在手看起来脏时才清洁双手
3. C她在两位患者之间戴着同一副手套
4. D她在接触床栏之后清洁双手