感染控制与患者安全练习卷（附答案）

哪三条原则可以减少工作人员的辐射暴露？

1. A手套、隔离衣和护目镜
2. B手卫生、口罩和通风
3. C速度、高度和颜色
4. D时间、距离和屏蔽

Which precautions are used for an infant in diapers who has rotavirus diarrhea?

1. AA protective environment
2. BDroplet precautions
3. CContact precautions
4. DAirborne precautions

重度免疫抑制的患者（如干细胞移植后）应使用哪种病房？

1. A带过滤空气的正压病房
2. B任何病房，只要访客戴手套
3. C负压空气传播隔离病房
4. D自然通风良好、开着窗的多人病房

Which technique is correct when collecting a wound culture?

1. ACollect the sample only after antibiotics have been started
2. BUse one swab to sample two different wounds
3. CClean the wound with sterile saline first, then swab clean tissue
4. DSwab the old pus on the dressing that was just removed from the wound

After teaching a patient about a new medication, how does the nurse best check understanding?

1. AGive a printed leaflet about the drug and assume the patient will read it at home
2. BAsk “Do you understand?” and accept a yes
3. CAsk the patient to explain in their own words how and when to take it
4. DAsk the family whether they understood the teaching

对于感染 Neisseria meningitidis 的患者，飞沫传播预防通常应在何时停止？

1. A退热一小时后
2. B仅在患者出院后
3. C给予第一剂抗生素后立即停止
4. D有效抗生素治疗 24 小时后

A patient with pulmonary tuberculosis has been on treatment. Which findings usually allow airborne isolation to end?

1. AThe cough has stopped, even with no sputum tests
2. BThe patient has been in hospital for one week and has taken every dose of medicine
3. COne negative chest x-ray after starting treatment
4. DThree negative sputum smears, clinical improvement and continued therapy

In US nursing practice, which task should the RN not assign to an LPN/LVN?

1. AGiving scheduled oral antibiotics to a stable patient
2. BA dressing change on a healing surgical wound that has no signs of infection
3. CReinforcing hand hygiene teaching that the RN has already given
4. DThe initial admission assessment of a new patient with suspected sepsis