感染控制与患者安全练习卷（附答案）

Why is the symbol “µg” avoided in medication orders?

1. AIt is the symbol for micrograms of alcohol and is only used in laboratory reports
2. BIt can only be used for intravenous drugs
3. CIt means “units per gram” in some countries
4. DIt can be misread as “mg”, giving a dose a thousand times too high

Which of these counts as a physical restraint?

1. ARaising all four side rails to stop a patient from getting out of bed
2. BUsing a gait belt while helping a patient walk in the corridor
3. CPlacing the bed in its lowest position
4. DUsing a bed exit alarm for a patient at high risk of falling at night

Which footwear is safest for a hospitalized patient who is walking?

1. ABare feet on the polished floor
2. BNon-slip socks or well-fitting shoes with non-slip soles
3. COrdinary cotton socks with no grip on the soles
4. DLoose slippers with an open heel that are easy to slide on

A patient is on seizure precautions. Which equipment should be ready at the bedside?

1. AWorking suction and oxygen equipment
2. BRestraints ready for all four limbs
3. CA tongue blade to put between the teeth
4. DAn ice pack to place on the forehead

A patient is admitted to an inpatient mental health unit. Why are personal belongings checked?

1. ATo remove items that could be used to harm self or others
2. BTo find out what the patient likes to wear during the hospital stay
3. CTo make a list of valuable items for insurance
4. DTo decide which family members may visit

A nurse finds a used needle in a patient’s bed linen. What should the nurse do?

1. ARecap it with two hands before throwing it away
2. BFold it into the linen and send it to the laundry
3. CLeave it where it is for the housekeeping staff to remove later in the day
4. DPick it up by the hub or with forceps, put it in a sharps container and report it

哪位患者最需要采取预防跌倒措施？

1. A新近出现意识混乱、正在使用镇静剂、步态不稳的老年患者
2. B手指骨折、能独自平稳安全行走的年轻成人
3. C卧床休息、能遵从指令的清醒患者
4. D等待出院、能独立行走的患者

一名意识混乱、戴着腕部约束带的患者，一只手的手指发凉、苍白，该侧桡动脉搏动减弱。护士首先应做什么？

1. A仔细记录发现，两小时后再复查
2. B收紧另一侧约束带，防止患者拉扯
3. C松开该侧约束带并评估手部的血液循环
4. D用枕头把手抬高，约束带保持不动