感染控制与患者安全练习卷（附答案）

When should the side rails of a young child’s hospital crib be fully raised?

1. AOnly if the child has fallen before
2. BWhenever the child is in the crib and the nurse steps away
3. COnly when a parent asks for them to be raised before leaving the room
4. DOnly at night while the child sleeps

Which aid makes it safer to move a patient sideways from a bed to a stretcher?

1. APulling the patient by the arms and legs
2. BA gait belt around the patient’s waist
3. CA friction-reducing slide sheet or transfer board
4. DA wheelchair placed between the bed and stretcher

What is a chemical restraint?

1. AA drug used to control behavior that is not standard treatment for the condition
2. BA drug given to relieve pain after surgery
3. CA drug used to prevent infection in a patient who has a restraint applied
4. DA cream applied to the wrists under a restraint

A patient has severe neutropenia after chemotherapy. Which route for measuring temperature should be avoided?

1. AOral
2. BTemporal artery
3. CRectal
4. DTympanic

一名活动性肺结核患者需要前往放射科。应如何转运该患者？

1. A不戴口罩，因为走廊通风良好且路程短
2. B患者佩戴未经密合性测试的 N95 呼吸器
3. C患者佩戴外科口罩，并提前通知放射科
4. D患者戴手套、穿隔离衣，不需要口罩

Which practice reduces back strain when a nurse moves a patient or heavy object?

1. AKeep the load close to the body and avoid twisting
2. BStand with the feet close together for balance
3. CBend at the waist and keep both knees straight
4. DHold the load at arm’s length to keep it steady

An 84-year-old resident with an indwelling catheter suddenly becomes confused but has no fever. What should the nurse consider?

1. AThe confusion is part of normal aging at this age and needs no further action
2. BA sedative is needed to keep the resident calm
3. CInfection can be ruled out because there is no fever
4. DAn infection may present as confusion in older adults, so assess further and report

A patient receiving chemotherapy has an absolute neutrophil count of 400/mm³ (0.4 × 10⁹/L) and a new temperature of 38.3 °C (100.9 °F). What should the nurse do?

1. ARecheck the temperature in four hours before calling anyone about it
2. BGive an antipyretic and reassess at the next routine round
3. CEncourage oral fluids and record the result in the chart
4. DReport it at once, because fever with severe neutropenia is an emergency