感染控制与患者安全练习卷（附答案）

What is the main safety purpose of needleless IV connectors?

1. ATo reduce needlestick injuries to staff
2. BTo remove the need for hand hygiene
3. CTo make IV fluids flow faster
4. DTo stop the patient from moving the IV line

What is a carrier in infection control?

1. AA person who has recovered and is fully immune
2. BA person who harbors an organism without symptoms and can pass it on
3. CA person who only gets infections from animals
4. DA sealed device used to transport specimens safely to the laboratory

Which is one of the body’s first-line, non-specific defenses against infection?

1. AIntact skin
2. BAntibiotics in the bloodstream
3. CMemory T cells
4. DAntibodies made after vaccination

After teaching a patient about a new medication, how does the nurse best check understanding?

1. AGive a printed leaflet about the drug and assume the patient will read it at home
2. BAsk “Do you understand?” and accept a yes
3. CAsk the family whether they understood the teaching
4. DAsk the patient to explain in their own words how and when to take it

Why must visible dirt be removed from equipment before it is disinfected?

1. ADisinfectants only work on wet surfaces
2. BDirt makes the disinfectant react and work too strongly on the surface
3. COrganic matter can shield organisms and weaken the disinfectant
4. DCleaning first is only needed for metal items

为什么对胰岛素和肝素输注等某些药物要采用独立双人核对？

1. A由第二人单独核对，可以发现被漏掉的差错
2. B万一出错，可以由两名护士共同承担责任
3. C因为这些药物很昂贵，浪费不起
4. D使配药过程更快

The laboratory reports that a blood sample labeled with one patient’s name has a blood group different from that patient’s previous result. What is the most likely problem and response?

1. AA normal change in the patient’s blood group over the years since the last test
2. BThe previous result was wrong, so it is deleted
3. CA laboratory machine fault, so no action is needed
4. DA wrong-patient sample, so the test is repeated and the event reported

While preparing an IV medication, a nurse sees that the syringe tip touched the medication tray after the cap came off. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive the dose anyway, because the medication tray was cleaned this morning
2. BWipe the tip with an alcohol swab and give the dose
3. CDiscard the syringe and prepare the dose again with new equipment
4. DBlow on the tip to remove any dust