实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

Which gland produces thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?

1. AThe parathyroid glands
2. BThe anterior pituitary gland
3. CThe adrenal cortex
4. DThe thyroid gland itself

Lactate is mainly produced when cells:

1. ABreak down fat completely with oxygen
2. BBreak down glucose without enough oxygen
3. CBreak down protein in the liver for energy
4. DStore glucose as glycogen in the muscles

A patient who has not eaten for 2 days has ketones in the urine. What is the most likely reason?

1. AThe bladder has a bacterial infection
2. BThe kidneys are leaking protein
3. CThe body is burning fat for energy
4. DThe liver is making too much glucose

一名患者钠为 152 mEq/L。护士预期会有哪些发现？

1. A心动过缓，T 波高尖
2. B口渴、黏膜干燥和烦躁不安
3. C肌肉抽搐，Trousseau 征阳性
4. D体重增加，踝部肿胀

一名因房颤服用华法林的患者 INR 为 1.4。这意味着什么？

1. A剂量恰到好处，无需改变
2. B患者不再需要服用华法林
3. C患者出血风险很高，需要立即使用维生素 K
4. D抗凝不足，更容易发生血栓和卒中

一名患者的中性粒细胞绝对计数为 0.4 × 10³/µL。哪项措施是恰当的？

1. A严格的手卫生、体温检查，并禁止有感染的访客
2. B因读数更准确而经直肠测体温
3. C与另一位正在治疗肺炎的患者同住一室
4. D把鲜花带进房间以提振患者的情绪

一名转移性乳腺癌患者钙为 13.2 mg/dL（3.3 mmol/L），意识模糊并便秘。护士预期会首先开始哪种处方治疗？

1. A口服钙补充剂
2. B严格卧床休息
3. C噻嗪类利尿剂
4. D静脉输注 0.9% 氯化钠

A patient's low calcium does not improve despite several days of calcium replacement. Which other electrolyte should be checked and corrected?

1. AChloride
2. BSodium
3. CMagnesium
4. DBicarbonate