实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

免费可打印的实验室检查值与电解质练习卷：8 道题，从简单到考试水平，附答案。可打印或另存为 PDF。

新练习卷在线练习，附提示

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姓名: ____________________   日期: ____________

1.简单

成人白细胞计数的典型参考范围是多少？

  1. A约 4.5–11 × 10³/µL（4.5–11 × 10⁹/L）
  2. B约 150–400 × 10³/µL（150–400 × 10⁹/L）
  3. C约 0.5–1.0 × 10³/µL（0.5–1.0 × 10⁹/L）
  4. D约 25–40 × 10³/µL（25–40 × 10⁹/L）
2.简单

Which laboratory test is traditionally used to adjust a continuous infusion of unfractionated heparin?

  1. APlatelet function assay (PFA-100 test)
  2. BInternational normalized ratio (INR)
  3. CActivated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
  4. DErythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
3.简单

What is the usual diagnostic cut-off for diabetes on a fasting plasma glucose test, when confirmed on a second test?

  1. A126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) or higher
  2. B100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L) or higher
  3. C110 mg/dL (6.1 mmol/L) or higher
  4. D200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) or higher
4.中等

A patient is scheduled for a liver biopsy. Which laboratory results should the nurse check before the procedure?

  1. APlatelet count and PT/INR
  2. BTSH and free T4
  3. CSerum sodium and chloride
  4. DHbA1c and lipid panel
5.中等

How does the nurse start a 24-hour urine collection at 08:00?

  1. AHave the patient void and discard that urine, then save all urine until 08:00 the next day
  2. BSave the 08:00 urine as the first sample, then collect until 08:00 the next day
  3. CSave three samples spread across the day and discard all of the urine passed at night
  4. DCollect only the first urine passed on waking, and repeat this the next morning
6.中等

A patient receiving chemotherapy has an ANC of 300/µL and a new temperature of 38.3 °C (100.9 °F). What should the nurse do first?

  1. AReport it at once so cultures and antibiotics start quickly
  2. BGive acetaminophen (paracetamol) and recheck the temperature in 4 hours
  3. CEncourage oral fluids and record the fever in the chart
  4. DRemove extra blankets and offer a tepid sponge bath
7.困难

Four patients had a thyroidectomy earlier today. Which result should the nurse act on first?

  1. ASodium 136 mEq/L on IV fluids after surgery
  2. BGlucose 145 mg/dL (8.0 mmol/L) after surgery
  3. CHemoglobin 12.1 g/dL (121 g/L) after surgery
  4. DCalcium 7.2 mg/dL (1.8 mmol/L) with tingling lips
8.困难

A young man has a swollen knee after minor trauma. His aPTT is prolonged, but his PT/INR and platelet count are normal. Which condition fits best?

  1. ADisseminated intravascular coagulation
  2. BVitamin K deficiency from poor diet
  3. CImmune thrombocytopenia (ITP)
  4. DHemophilia A (factor VIII deficiency)

答案

  1. 1. A · 约 4.5–11 × 10³/µL（4.5–11 × 10⁹/L）
  2. 2. C · Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
  3. 3. A · 126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) or higher
  4. 4. A · Platelet count and PT/INR
  5. 5. A · Have the patient void and discard that urine, then save all urine until 08:00 the next day
  6. 6. A · Report it at once so cultures and antibiotics start quickly
  7. 7. D · Calcium 7.2 mg/dL (1.8 mmol/L) with tingling lips
  8. 8. D · Hemophilia A (factor VIII deficiency)

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