实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

免费可打印的实验室检查值与电解质练习卷：8 道题，从简单到考试水平，附答案。可打印或另存为 PDF。

新练习卷在线练习，附提示

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姓名: ____________________   日期: ____________

1.简单

Chronic kidney disease is usually defined by an eGFR below which value for more than 3 months?

  1. A120 mL/min/1.73 m²
  2. B90 mL/min/1.73 m²
  3. C60 mL/min/1.73 m²
  4. D15 mL/min/1.73 m²
2.简单

成人血清白蛋白的典型参考范围是多少？

  1. A约 3.5–5.0 g/dL（35–50 g/L）
  2. B约 0.5–1.0 g/dL（5–10 g/L）
  3. C约 8.5–10.5 g/dL（85–105 g/L）
  4. D约 12–16 g/dL（120–160 g/L）
3.简单

In iron-deficiency anemia, the total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) is usually:

  1. ANormal
  2. BHigh
  3. CAbsent
  4. DLow
4.中等

For most hospitalized adults with diabetes who are critically ill, which glucose target range is commonly recommended?

  1. AAbout 250–300 mg/dL (13.9–16.7 mmol/L)
  2. BAbout 60–80 mg/dL (3.3–4.4 mmol/L)
  3. CAbout 300–350 mg/dL (16.7–19.4 mmol/L)
  4. DAbout 140–180 mg/dL (7.8–10 mmol/L)
5.中等

A trauma patient receives 2 L of IV crystalloid. The hemoglobin falls from 13.0 to 11.4 g/dL (130 to 114 g/L), and the vital signs are now stable. Which explanation is most likely?

  1. AA laboratory error in the first sample
  2. BDilution of the blood by the IV fluid
  3. CIncreased red cell production
  4. DA sudden failure of the bone marrow
6.中等

A patient had a total gastrectomy. Which long-term therapy is needed to prevent anemia?

  1. AWeekly doses of oral vitamin K tablets
  2. BLifelong vitamin B12 replacement
  3. CMonthly transfusions of red blood cells
  4. DLifelong oral folic acid tablets only
7.困难

A patient on a stable dose of levothyroxine now has a TSH of 9.8 mIU/L. She recently started taking her calcium and iron supplements with her morning levothyroxine. What is the most likely explanation?

  1. AThe supplements are causing an overactive thyroid gland
  2. BThe TSH is low, showing that the dose is now too high
  3. CThe supplements are reducing levothyroxine absorption
  4. DThe result is normal for a person on levothyroxine therapy
8.困难

A patient with acute kidney injury after severe dehydration has a rising creatinine. Which urine findings support a prerenal cause rather than acute tubular necrosis (ATN)?

  1. ARed cell casts with heavy protein loss in the urine
  2. BWhite cell casts with positive nitrites on the dipstick
  3. CHigh urine sodium and dilute urine with muddy brown granular casts
  4. DLow urine sodium and concentrated urine with a high specific gravity

答案

  1. 1. C · 60 mL/min/1.73 m²
  2. 2. A · 约 3.5–5.0 g/dL（35–50 g/L）
  3. 3. B · High
  4. 4. D · About 140–180 mg/dL (7.8–10 mmol/L)
  5. 5. B · Dilution of the blood by the IV fluid
  6. 6. B · Lifelong vitamin B12 replacement
  7. 7. C · The supplements are reducing levothyroxine absorption
  8. 8. D · Low urine sodium and concentrated urine with a high specific gravity

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