实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

免费可打印的实验室检查值与电解质练习卷：8 道题，从简单到考试水平，附答案。可打印或另存为 PDF。

新练习卷在线练习，附提示

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姓名: ____________________   日期: ____________

1.简单

What does the term "left shift" mean on a white cell differential?

  1. AMore lymphocytes than neutrophils in the blood
  2. BA rise in the number of eosinophils
  3. CMore immature neutrophils (bands) than normal
  4. DA fall in all the white cell types together
2.简单

成人白细胞计数的典型参考范围是多少？

  1. A约 0.5–1.0 × 10³/µL（0.5–1.0 × 10⁹/L）
  2. B约 4.5–11 × 10³/µL（4.5–11 × 10⁹/L）
  3. C约 150–400 × 10³/µL（150–400 × 10⁹/L）
  4. D约 25–40 × 10³/µL（25–40 × 10⁹/L）
3.简单

哪个 HbA1c 值达到糖尿病通常的诊断阈值？

  1. A4.5%（26 mmol/mol）或更高
  2. B6.5%（48 mmol/mol）或更高
  3. C5.5%（37 mmol/mol）或更高
  4. D5.0%（31 mmol/mol）或更高
4.中等

A healthy patient's result is slightly outside the laboratory reference range, and all other results are normal. Which statement best explains why this can happen?

  1. AReference ranges include every healthy person without exception
  2. BAny result outside the range always means disease is present
  3. CRanges cover about 95% of healthy people, so some fall outside
  4. DReference ranges are the same in every laboratory worldwide
5.中等

A patient with suspected pulmonary TB needs sputum samples for acid-fast bacilli. Which instruction is correct?

  1. AGive several deep-cough samples, often first thing in the morning
  2. BGive one sample after brushing with mouthwash so it is clean
  3. CGive one sample of saliva collected from the mouth at any time of day
  4. DGive several samples of nasal mucus blown into a tissue
6.中等

哪种治疗通过使钾进入细胞内来降低血清钾？

  1. A在 10 分钟内静脉注射葡萄糖酸钙
  2. B口服氯化钾补充剂
  3. C静脉注射普通胰岛素并配合葡萄糖
  4. D静脉输注 0.45% 氯化钠
7.困难

The nurse prepares a patient for a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test tomorrow morning. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

  1. A"I'll fast overnight but can drink plain water"
  2. B"I'll stay seated during the test if I can"
  3. C"I'll avoid smoking until the test is over"
  4. D"I can have a light breakfast before the test"
8.困难

A patient with severe sepsis is oozing blood from IV sites. Platelets 40 × 10³/µL, fibrinogen low, D-dimer very high, PT and aPTT both prolonged. Which condition fits best?

  1. AHemophilia A (factor VIII deficiency)
  2. BHeparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
  3. CImmune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
  4. DDisseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

答案

  1. 1. C · More immature neutrophils (bands) than normal
  2. 2. B · 约 4.5–11 × 10³/µL（4.5–11 × 10⁹/L）
  3. 3. B · 6.5%（48 mmol/mol）或更高
  4. 4. C · Ranges cover about 95% of healthy people, so some fall outside
  5. 5. A · Give several deep-cough samples, often first thing in the morning
  6. 6. C · 静脉注射普通胰岛素并配合葡萄糖
  7. 7. D · "I can have a light breakfast before the test"
  8. 8. D · Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

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