实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

免费可打印的实验室检查值与电解质练习卷：8 道题，从简单到考试水平，附答案。可打印或另存为 PDF。

新练习卷在线练习，附提示

教师请注意： 可免费打印、复印并在课堂上使用。每份新练习题都有新的数值和独立的答案。欢迎在课程页面添加指向 ExamProblems 的链接。

姓名: ____________________   日期: ____________

1.简单

A urine dipstick is positive for leukocyte esterase. What does this show?

  1. ABilirubin is being passed in the urine
  2. BWhite blood cells are present in the urine
  3. CRed blood cells are present in the urine
  4. DProtein is leaking through the glomeruli
2.简单

细胞内液中的主要阳离子是哪种？

  1. A氯
  2. B钙
  3. C钾
  4. D钠
3.简单

A urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) of at least which value is usually called moderately increased albuminuria?

  1. A3 mg/g (0.3 mg/mmol)
  2. B3,000 mg/g (300 mg/mmol)
  3. C300 mg/dL (3 mg/mL)
  4. D30 mg/g (3 mg/mmol)
4.中等

A test has very high sensitivity for a disease. What does a negative result mean?

  1. AThe result cannot be used, because sensitivity is high
  2. BThe disease is certain, so treatment should begin
  3. CThe disease is unlikely, so it helps rule it out
  4. DThe patient must have a different disease instead
5.中等

A patient with suspected pulmonary TB needs sputum samples for acid-fast bacilli. Which instruction is correct?

  1. AGive one sample after brushing with mouthwash so it is clean
  2. BGive several samples of nasal mucus blown into a tissue
  3. CGive one sample of saliva collected from the mouth at any time of day
  4. DGive several deep-cough samples, often first thing in the morning
6.中等

一名抗利尿激素分泌失调综合征（SIADH）患者的钠为 128 mEq/L。护士预期会有哪项处方措施？

  1. A低钠饮食
  2. B限制液体
  3. C鼓励多饮水
  4. D大量静脉输注 5% 葡萄糖
7.困难

Which patient's result should the nurse act on first?

  1. AHemoglobin 6.4 g/dL (64 g/L) with new chest pain and a pulse of 124/min
  2. BFerritin 15 ng/mL in a well patient with known iron-deficiency anemia on oral iron
  3. CHemoglobin 9.6 g/dL (96 g/L) in a patient with stable chronic kidney disease
  4. DPlatelets 140 × 10³/µL in a patient with mild chronic liver disease
8.困难

Ten days after chemotherapy, a patient has a platelet count of 9 × 10³/µL and reports a sudden severe headache and blurred vision. What is the priority?

  1. AAssess neurological status and report it at once as possible brain bleeding
  2. BGive acetaminophen (paracetamol) for the headache and reassess in 1 hour
  3. CEncourage the patient to drink more fluids and check the blood pressure later
  4. DDim the lights and encourage rest, as headaches are common after chemotherapy

答案

  1. 1. B · White blood cells are present in the urine
  2. 2. C · 钾
  3. 3. D · 30 mg/g (3 mg/mmol)
  4. 4. C · The disease is unlikely, so it helps rule it out
  5. 5. D · Give several deep-cough samples, often first thing in the morning
  6. 6. B · 限制液体
  7. 7. A · Hemoglobin 6.4 g/dL (64 g/L) with new chest pain and a pulse of 124/min
  8. 8. A · Assess neurological status and report it at once as possible brain bleeding

完整分步解答：请在 examproblems.com 上练习本主题。