实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

What is the effect of insulin on serum potassium?

1. AIt moves potassium into cells, lowering the serum level
2. BIt makes the kidneys keep more potassium in the blood
3. CIt has no effect on potassium in any amount
4. DIt moves potassium out of cells, raising the serum level

Which blood group is the universal donor for red blood cells in an emergency?

1. AGroup AB, Rh positive
2. BGroup B, Rh positive
3. CGroup O, Rh negative
4. DGroup A, Rh negative

Which findings are typical of a low serum magnesium?

1. ALoss of reflexes, flushing and slow breathing
2. BJaundice, itching and pale stools
3. CPolyuria, extreme thirst and pale urine
4. DTremor, hyperreflexia and cardiac arrhythmias

A patient's eGFR has fallen to 24 mL/min/1.73 m². Which prescribed drug should the nurse question before giving it?

1. ALevothyroxine
2. BInsulin glargine
3. CAcetaminophen (paracetamol)
4. DMetformin

A patient with pneumonia had a CRP of 180 mg/L on admission and 40 mg/L after 4 days of antibiotics. What does this most likely show?

1. AThe infection has spread to another organ
2. BThe patient has developed a new infection
3. CThe antibiotic is causing liver damage
4. DThe inflammation is settling with treatment

The heparin infusion rate was changed according to protocol. When is the aPTT usually rechecked?

1. AOnly after the infusion is stopped
2. BAbout 6 hours after the change
3. CAbout 30 minutes after the change
4. DAbout 3 days after the change

一名肾功能正常、心电图正常的患者钾为 6.2 mEq/L。实验室备注样本发生了溶血。最好的解释是什么？

1. A不再做进一步检查，立即用胰岛素和葡萄糖治疗
2. B患者有肾衰竭
3. C钾肯定是正常的，无需随访
4. D结果可能是假性偏高；评估患者并安排重新采样

The nurse teaches a patient who is collecting a 24-hour urine sample at home. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll empty my bladder at the end time and add that urine"
2. B"I'll keep the container cool as the laboratory told me to"
3. C"If I forget to save one void, I'll just carry on to the end"
4. D"I'll ask whether any foods or drugs should be avoided first"