实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

成人血清镁的典型参考范围是多少？

1. A约 1.3–2.1 mEq/L（0.65–1.05 mmol/L）
2. B约 0.3–0.7 mEq/L（0.15–0.35 mmol/L）
3. C约 3.5–5.0 mEq/L（1.75–2.5 mmol/L）
4. D约 6.0–8.0 mEq/L（3.0–4.0 mmol/L）

Which blood test is the usual measure of a person's vitamin D status?

1. A1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D
2. BSerum phosphate
3. C25-hydroxyvitamin D
4. DParathyroid hormone

What is the usual diagnostic cut-off for diabetes on a fasting plasma glucose test, when confirmed on a second test?

1. A110 mg/dL (6.1 mmol/L) or higher
2. B100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L) or higher
3. C200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) or higher
4. D126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) or higher

一名服用华法林的患者开始每天大量食用羽衣甘蓝和菠菜。INR 已下降。哪项建议最恰当？

1. A保持富含维生素 K 的食物摄入量每天稳定
2. B不告诉开医嘱者就将华法林剂量加倍
3. C在饮食恢复正常之前停用华法林
4. D永远不再吃绿叶蔬菜

为什么肝衰竭患者即使没有服用华法林，INR 也可能升高？

1. A肝脏合成大多数凝血因子，因此合成减少
2. B白蛋白是一种凝血因子，其水平下降
3. C胆红素直接破坏凝血因子
4. D肾脏不再从血液中清除凝血因子

在慢性肾脏病中，血清磷酸盐升高通常伴有钙的哪种变化？

1. A血清钙升高
2. B仅血清钾升高，钙无变化
3. C钙无变化
4. D血清钙降低

A 68-year-old man has fatigue, a hemoglobin of 9.8 g/dL (98 g/L), an MCV of 72 fL and a low ferritin. He eats a normal diet. What is the most important next step?

1. AStart vitamin B₁₂ injections
2. BGive iron and do no further tests at all
3. CRepeat the blood count in one year
4. DLook for a source of blood loss in the gut

A patient receiving IV magnesium sulfate has a respiratory rate of 9/min and absent patellar reflexes. After stopping the infusion, which medication should the nurse expect to give?

1. APotassium chloride
2. BCalcium gluconate
3. CSodium bicarbonate
4. DProtamine sulfate