实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

What is a typical adult reference range for serum chloride?

1. AAbout 22–28 mEq/L
2. BAbout 3.5–5.0 mEq/L
3. CAbout 135–145 mEq/L
4. DAbout 98–106 mEq/L

Why is "free T₄" often measured rather than total T₄?

1. AThe free form is the only form made by the gland
2. BThe free form is the unbound, active hormone
3. CThe free form is stored inside the pituitary
4. DThe free form is the form excreted in urine

A raised neutrophil count (neutrophilia) is most typical of:

1. AVitamin B₁₂ deficiency
2. BAcute bacterial infection
3. CHay fever and asthma
4. DA mild viral cold

A nurse has a needlestick injury from a patient with unknown HIV status. Which test is usually done for the nurse as soon as possible?

1. AA serum lipase test
2. BA thyroid panel test
3. CA sweat chloride test
4. DA baseline HIV test

In countries that screen all pregnant women (such as the US), a vaginal-rectal swab is taken at about 36–37 weeks. Which organism is it screening for?

1. AStaphylococcus aureus
2. BHepatitis B virus
3. CCandida albicans
4. DGroup B Streptococcus

哪个因素最可能使患者的血锂水平升高？

1. A每次随餐服药而不是餐前服药
2. B连续几天比平时多吃盐
3. C脱水或钠摄入突然减少
4. D在炎热天气比平时多喝液体

一名酒精使用障碍的患者尽管补钾两天，钾仍为 3.0 mEq/L。镁为 0.9 mEq/L。最恰当的下一步是什么？

1. A将钾剂量加倍，镁留到以后再补
2. B补镁；低镁使肾脏持续丢失钾
3. C给予利尿剂排出过多的镁
4. D停止所有电解质补充 24 小时后再复查

A patient on warfarin with an INR of 3.6 fell and hit their head an hour ago. They now report a worsening headache and drowsiness. What is the priority?

1. AEncourage rest in a dark room to settle the pain
2. BReport urgently for imaging and possible reversal
3. CHold warfarin for one dose and observe at home
4. DGive acetaminophen (paracetamol) and recheck the INR tomorrow