实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

对于未使用抗凝剂的人，INR 通常约为：

1. A5.0–6.0
2. B3.5–4.5
3. C2.0–3.0
4. D0.8–1.2

成年女性的哪个血红蛋白值低于典型参考范围？

1. A12.8 g/dL（128 g/L）
2. B9.2 g/dL（92 g/L）
3. C13.5 g/dL（135 g/L）
4. D14.6 g/dL（146 g/L）

What is a typical reference range for the prothrombin time (PT) in a person not taking anticoagulants?

1. AAbout 3–5 minutes
2. BAbout 2–4 seconds
3. CAbout 60–90 seconds
4. DAbout 11–13.5 seconds

A patient has burning on urination and frequency. The dipstick is positive for nitrites and leukocyte esterase, and a urine culture is ordered. When should the sample be taken?

1. AAt any time, as antibiotics do not matter
2. BBefore the first dose of antibiotic
3. CAfter 3 days of antibiotic treatment
4. DAfter the symptoms have fully settled

对于疑似脓毒症的患者，应在何时采集血培养？

1. A在首剂抗生素之前，且不要过多延误给药
2. B仅在发热持续超过三天时
3. C在前三剂抗生素之后
4. D任何时候，因为抗生素不影响结果

In the US, when is a pregnant woman without known risk factors usually screened for gestational diabetes?

1. AAt about 38–40 weeks of pregnancy
2. BAt about 6–8 weeks of pregnancy
3. CAt about 24–28 weeks of pregnancy
4. DOnly after the baby is born

A patient on hemodialysis receives epoetin, but the hemoglobin has not risen in 2 months. Which results should be checked first?

1. AAmylase and lipase levels
2. BTroponin and creatine kinase
3. CTSH and the free T₃ level
4. DFerritin and transferrin saturation

The nurse teaches a patient about the HbA1c test. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"My daily finger-stick readings still matter between the tests"
2. B"A lower result means less risk of damage to my eyes and kidneys"
3. C"I must not eat anything for 12 hours before the HbA1c test"
4. D"The test shows my average glucose over the past few months"