实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

成人血清钾的典型参考范围是多少？

1. A135–145 mEq/L
2. B1.3–2.1 mEq/L
3. C3.5–5.0 mEq/L
4. D6.0–8.0 mEq/L

Which fasting triglyceride level is commonly described as normal?

1. AAbove 500 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L)
2. BBelow 150 mg/dL (1.7 mmol/L)
3. CBetween 200 and 499 mg/dL (2.3–5.6 mmol/L)
4. DAbove 1,000 mg/dL (11.3 mmol/L)

Which drug is routinely monitored with blood levels because of its narrow therapeutic range?

1. ALoratadine
2. BLithium
3. COmeprazole
4. DAmoxicillin

A patient's eGFR has fallen to 24 mL/min/1.73 m². Which prescribed drug should the nurse question before giving it?

1. AAcetaminophen (paracetamol)
2. BMetformin
3. CInsulin glargine
4. DLevothyroxine

During a red cell transfusion, when are serious acute reactions most likely, so the nurse stays with the patient?

1. AThe next morning
2. BAfter the last drop is given
3. CIn the first 15 minutes
4. DAfter about 2 hours

An older adult takes lisinopril and furosemide and recently started daily ibuprofen for knee pain. The creatinine has risen from 1.0 to 1.8 mg/dL (88 to 159 µmol/L). What is the most likely cause?

1. ANormal aging of the kidneys over a period of a few weeks
2. BThe NSAID reduces kidney blood flow on top of the other two drugs
3. CA laboratory error, since ibuprofen has no effect on the kidney
4. DMore activity has increased the patient's muscle mass quickly

静脉输注硫酸镁期间，哪项评估最能早期发现中毒？

1. A每小时血糖和瞳孔大小
2. B膝反射、呼吸频率和尿量
3. C肠鸣音和腹围
4. D每小时皮肤颜色和毛细血管再充盈

一名患者的万古霉素谷浓度为 28 mcg/mL；开医嘱者设定的目标为 15–20 mcg/mL。下一次给药时间到了。最好的措施是什么？

1. A按计划给药，一周后复测谷浓度
2. B给予双倍剂量以更快完成疗程
3. C暂停该剂量，通知开医嘱者并检查肾功能
4. D缩短给药时间以减少药物暴露