实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

对于钠和钾，1 mEq/L 与 1 mmol/L 相比如何？

1. A无法比较，因为它们测量的是不同的东西
2. B两者相等，因为每个离子带一个电荷
3. C对这些离子来说，1 mEq/L 等于 0.5 mmol/L
4. D对这些离子来说，1 mEq/L 等于 2 mmol/L

细胞内液中的主要阳离子是哪种？

1. A钙
2. B钠
3. C氯
4. D钾

尿比重 1.035 最可能提示：

1. A尿路感染
2. B对每个患者来说都是正常尿液
3. C尿液浓缩，如脱水时
4. D尿液非常稀，如尿崩症时

A patient on a heparin infusion has blood in the urine and an aPTT far above the target. The nurse stops the infusion and informs the provider. Which antidote should the nurse anticipate?

1. AProtamine sulfate
2. BNaloxone
3. CCalcium gluconate
4. DVitamin K (phytonadione)

A patient's levothyroxine dose was changed today. When is the TSH usually rechecked?

1. AAfter about 3 days
2. BAfter about 24 hours
3. CAfter about 1 year
4. DAfter about 6–8 weeks

A patient without symptoms has a fasting plasma glucose of 132 mg/dL (7.3 mmol/L) on Monday and 138 mg/dL (7.7 mmol/L) on Thursday. What does this show?

1. AThe results show reactive hypoglycemia
2. BThe results show prediabetes only
3. CThe results meet the criteria for diabetes
4. DThe results are within the normal fasting range

A patient who had pituitary surgery has fatigue and cold intolerance. The free T₄ is low and the TSH is low. What does this pattern suggest?

1. APrimary hypothyroidism from failure of the thyroid gland
2. BNormal thyroid function with a laboratory error in T₄
3. CSecondary (central) hypothyroidism from pituitary failure
4. DHyperthyroidism from overactivity of the thyroid gland

A patient with chronic kidney disease stage 4 has a high phosphate, a low-normal calcium and a very high parathyroid hormone (PTH). What does this show?

1. AHypoparathyroidism after neck surgery
2. BSecondary hyperparathyroidism from CKD
3. CPrimary hyperparathyroidism from a tumor
4. DVitamin D toxicity from supplements