实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

What is the main role of fibrinogen in the blood?

1. AIt breaks down clots once the bleeding has stopped
2. BIt is converted to fibrin, which forms the mesh of a clot
3. CIt transports iron from the gut to the bone marrow
4. DIt carries oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues

What does the term "thrombocytosis" mean?

1. AA low red cell count
2. BA high white cell count
3. CA low platelet count
4. DA high platelet count

What does a raised D-dimer level show?

1. AFibrin clots are being formed and broken down in the body
2. BThe patient is taking too much warfarin
3. CThe platelet count is too low to stop bleeding
4. DThe liver is no longer able to make clotting factors

A patient on levothyroxine has palpitations, weight loss and a TSH of 0.05 mIU/L. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AThe thyroid is now completely normal
2. BThe levothyroxine dose is too high
3. CThe levothyroxine dose is too low
4. DThe patient has stopped the drug

A patient with sepsis has a lactate of 2.1 mmol/L on admission and 4.3 mmol/L two hours later, despite IV fluids. What does this suggest?

1. AWorsening tissue perfusion that needs urgent reporting
2. BExpected muscle activity from shivering in fever
3. CImproving circulation as the fluids start to work
4. DA normal response to IV fluids in the first hours

A patient with hyponatremia from SIADH starts tolvaptan. Why is the serum sodium checked frequently in the first day?

1. AThe drug causes severe hyperkalemia
2. BThe sodium always falls further
3. CThe drug lowers blood glucose sharply
4. DThe sodium can rise too quickly

The nurse teaches a patient who is collecting a 24-hour urine sample at home. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"If I forget to save one void, I'll just carry on to the end"
2. B"I'll keep the container cool as the laboratory told me to"
3. C"I'll empty my bladder at the end time and add that urine"
4. D"I'll ask whether any foods or drugs should be avoided first"

在对生长迅速的淋巴瘤化疗后，哪种结果模式提示肿瘤溶解综合征？

1. A仅有高钠和低血糖
2. B低钾、低磷、低尿酸和高钙
3. C电解质正常，血红蛋白高
4. D高钾、高磷、高尿酸和低钙