实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

实验室使用自己的参考范围将某项结果标为偏高，但该数值在你教科书的范围内。对这位患者应使用哪个范围？

1. A你实习所在医院使用的范围
2. B教科书的范围，因为教科书是国家标准
3. C你能在任何资料中找到的最宽的范围
4. D进行检测的实验室的参考范围

万古霉素谷浓度应在何时采血？

1. A一天中任何方便的时间，不论何时给药
2. B输注开始后两小时
3. C下一次给药前，通常在给药前 30 分钟内
4. D输注结束后立即

Which blood test is the usual measure of a person's vitamin D status?

1. A1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D
2. BParathyroid hormone
3. C25-hydroxyvitamin D
4. DSerum phosphate

A patient with sepsis has a lactate of 2.1 mmol/L on admission and 4.3 mmol/L two hours later, despite IV fluids. What does this suggest?

1. AWorsening tissue perfusion that needs urgent reporting
2. BExpected muscle activity from shivering in fever
3. CA normal response to IV fluids in the first hours
4. DImproving circulation as the fluids start to work

A nurse completed the hepatitis B vaccine series. Which result shows protective immunity?

1. AAnti-HBs of 10 mIU/mL or more
2. BA positive HBsAg test
3. CA raised ALT level
4. DA positive IgM anti-HBc

A patient with sickle cell disease takes hydroxyurea. Which laboratory test is monitored regularly for an adverse effect?

1. ASerum lithium level
2. BSerum amylase level
3. CUrine ketone level
4. DComplete blood count

一名心力衰竭患者服用赖诺普利、螺内酯和钾补充剂。今天钾为 6.0 mEq/L。最可能的解释是什么？

1. A赖诺普利降低钾
2. B螺内酯导致钾丢失
3. C钾补充剂对血清水平没有影响
4. D同时服用了几种使钾升高的药物

A patient stopped long-term prednisone suddenly a week ago. Now: blood pressure 78/46 mm Hg, sodium 128 mEq/L, potassium 4.6 mEq/L, glucose 58 mg/dL (3.2 mmol/L). Which condition is most likely?

1. AAcute adrenal insufficiency (adrenal crisis)
2. BSyndrome of inappropriate ADH (SIADH)
3. CCushing syndrome from steroid excess
4. DPrimary hyperaldosteronism (Conn syndrome)