实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

A raised serum uric acid is most closely linked to which condition?

1. AGout
2. BHypothyroidism
3. CIron-deficiency anemia
4. DOsteoporosis

Which hormone is measured in blood or urine to test for pregnancy?

1. AThyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
2. BHuman chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
3. CFollicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
4. DAntidiuretic hormone (ADH)

How does active vitamin D (calcitriol) affect calcium?

1. AIt increases calcium loss in the urine
2. BIt blocks calcium absorption from the gut
3. CIt increases calcium absorption from the gut
4. DIt moves calcium out of the blood into cells

一名患者钠为 124 mEq/L，头痛并新出现意识模糊。哪项护理措施最恰当？

1. A采取癫痫预防措施并监测神经系统状态
2. B提前给予处方的噻嗪类利尿剂
3. C鼓励患者多喝白开水
4. D让患者平卧，并将神经系统检查限制为每班一次

How often is the INR usually checked when warfarin is first started?

1. AOnce a year, at a routine visit
2. BEvery hour, during the first week
3. COnly if bleeding occurs at home
4. DEvery few days, until it is stable

一名服用地高辛的患者血药水平为 2.8 ng/mL，心率 52 次/分。护士最好的措施是什么？

1. A给药，因为心率高于 50 次/分
2. B给药，一个月后复查血药水平
3. C暂停该剂量并通知开医嘱者
4. D给予双倍剂量以纠正心律

一名慢性低钠血症（钠 118 mEq/L）患者正在接受治疗。为什么必须缓慢提高钠？

1. A快速纠正会导致低钾血症，这是唯一的风险
2. B快速纠正会使钠再次进一步下降
3. C它可引起渗透性脱髓鞘，一种严重的脑损伤
4. D缓慢纠正只是为了降低医院成本

A patient with a stable INR on warfarin starts rifampin (rifampicin) for tuberculosis. Two weeks later the INR is 1.3. What is the most likely explanation?

1. ARifampin speeds up warfarin metabolism
2. BRifampin raises the INR, so it is wrong
3. CRifampin contains a lot of vitamin K
4. DTuberculosis causes the INR to fall