实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

About what proportion of total serum calcium is in the free (ionized) form?

1. AAlmost none
2. BAbout one tenth
3. CAbout half
4. DNearly all

A raised lymphocyte count is most typical of:

1. ABacterial abscesses
2. BViral infections
3. CIron deficiency
4. DAllergic asthma

C 反应蛋白（CRP）升高主要说明什么？

1. A体内有炎症
2. B特指肾衰竭
3. C脱水和体液丢失
4. D特指心脏病发作

A urine culture is ordered for a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter. How should the nurse collect the sample?

1. AAspirate from the sampling port with a sterile syringe
2. BDisconnect the catheter from the tubing and let it drain
3. CPour urine from the drainage bag into a sterile cup
4. DRemove the catheter and culture the catheter tip

When should the nurse check the glucose before giving a mealtime dose of rapid-acting insulin (such as lispro)?

1. ATwo hours after the meal, then giving the insulin dose
2. BOnly once a day, then giving the same dose before every meal
3. CAt bedtime only, then giving the mealtime insulin overnight
4. DJust before the meal, giving insulin when the food is ready

A patient with hepatic encephalopathy is receiving lactulose. Which finding best shows that the treatment is effective?

1. ANo bowel movement for 2 days and calm sleep
2. BA rising serum ammonia with a slower flapping tremor
3. CSix to eight watery stools a day with dizziness
4. DTwo to three soft stools a day and clearer thinking

A patient with acute pancreatitis has a rising BUN, a falling calcium and a glucose of 250 mg/dL (13.9 mmol/L) over the first 48 hours. What do these results suggest?

1. AA lab error from lipemic samples
2. BIncreasingly severe pancreatitis
3. CAn unrelated new kidney stone
4. DA resolving, mild pancreatitis

A patient has sudden episodes of severe headache, sweating, palpitations and very high blood pressure. Which test is most useful to look for the cause?

1. ASerum TSH and free T₄
2. BSerum calcium only
3. CFasting lipid profile
4. DPlasma free metanephrines