实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

Uric acid in the blood is a breakdown product of:

1. AGlucose
2. BPurines
3. CFats
4. DHemoglobin

哪项发现是高血清镁的典型表现？

1. A袖带充气时出现腕痉挛
2. B反射亢进和肌肉抽搐
3. C强烈的口渴
4. D深腱反射减弱或消失

What is the typical range of urine pH?

1. AAbout 4.5–8.0
2. BAbout 7.35–7.45
3. CAbout 9.0–11.0
4. DAbout 1.0–2.0

A patient with acute pancreatitis has muscle twitching and numbness around the mouth. Which laboratory value should the nurse check?

1. ASerum amylase
2. BSerum calcium
3. CSerum chloride
4. DSerum sodium

A patient with type 1 diabetes has the flu, is eating little and has a glucose of 290 mg/dL (16.1 mmol/L). Which advice is correct?

1. AWait 3 days before checking the glucose again
2. BStop all insulin until you are eating normally again
3. CDrink only water and avoid all carbohydrate foods
4. DKeep taking insulin and check blood or urine ketones

A patient with suspected pulmonary TB needs sputum samples for acid-fast bacilli. Which instruction is correct?

1. AGive one sample after brushing with mouthwash so it is clean
2. BGive several samples of nasal mucus blown into a tissue
3. CGive several deep-cough samples, often first thing in the morning
4. DGive one sample of saliva collected from the mouth at any time of day

患者早晨服药后 2 小时抽取的血锂水平为 1.0 mEq/L，开医嘱者打算增加剂量。护士应指出什么？

1. A样本是在服药后太早采集的，因此不是有效的水平
2. B水平已达中毒，因此应永久停用锂盐
3. C水平太低，因此大幅增加显然是安全的
4. D血锂水平可在一天中任何时间采集而不影响结果

一名患者的万古霉素谷浓度为 28 mcg/mL；开医嘱者设定的目标为 15–20 mcg/mL。下一次给药时间到了。最好的措施是什么？

1. A暂停该剂量，通知开医嘱者并检查肾功能
2. B给予双倍剂量以更快完成疗程
3. C缩短给药时间以减少药物暴露
4. D按计划给药，一周后复测谷浓度