实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

Which laboratory test best reflects the body's iron stores?

1. ASerum ferritin
2. BSerum albumin
3. CPlatelet count
4. DSerum sodium

What does the red cell distribution width (RDW) describe?

1. AHow fast the red cells settle in a tube
2. BHow many red cells are young cells
3. CHow long red cells survive in the blood
4. DHow much the red cells vary in size

What does a creatinine clearance measured from a 24-hour urine collection estimate?

1. AThe rate of red cell production
2. BThe concentrating ability of the urine
3. CThe glomerular filtration rate
4. DThe amount of protein lost from the blood

A patient taking a statin reports new, unexplained muscle pain and weakness. Which laboratory test would the nurse expect to be ordered?

1. ASerum ammonia
2. BSerum lipase
3. CCardiac troponin
4. DCreatine kinase (CK)

为什么肝衰竭患者即使没有服用华法林，INR 也可能升高？

1. A胆红素直接破坏凝血因子
2. B肾脏不再从血液中清除凝血因子
3. C肝脏合成大多数凝血因子，因此合成减少
4. D白蛋白是一种凝血因子，其水平下降

一名因房颤服用华法林的患者 INR 为 1.4。这意味着什么？

1. A患者出血风险很高，需要立即使用维生素 K
2. B抗凝不足，更容易发生血栓和卒中
3. C患者不再需要服用华法林
4. D剂量恰到好处，无需改变

The nurse teaches a patient who is collecting a 24-hour urine sample at home. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll keep the container cool as the laboratory told me to"
2. B"If I forget to save one void, I'll just carry on to the end"
3. C"I'll ask whether any foods or drugs should be avoided first"
4. D"I'll empty my bladder at the end time and add that urine"

Two days after bowel surgery, a patient with nasogastric suction has a distended abdomen, absent bowel sounds and muscle weakness. The potassium is 2.8 mEq/L. Which interpretation is best?

1. AThe potassium is normal for the second day after surgery
2. BHypokalemia from gastric losses is contributing to paralytic ileus
3. CHyperkalemia from tissue damage is causing the bowel to stop
4. DThe low potassium is due to the patient drinking too much water