实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

The HbA1c reflects the average blood glucose over about which period?

1. AThe past 1–2 years
2. BThe past 1–2 weeks
3. CThe past 24 hours
4. DThe past 2–3 months

在呼吸困难的患者中，B 型利钠肽（BNP）升高最有力地支持哪种疾病？

1. A肺炎
2. B哮喘发作
3. C惊恐发作
4. D心力衰竭

Which laboratory test best reflects the body's iron stores?

1. ASerum ferritin
2. BSerum sodium
3. CPlatelet count
4. DSerum albumin

A trauma patient receives 2 L of IV crystalloid. The hemoglobin falls from 13.0 to 11.4 g/dL (130 to 114 g/L), and the vital signs are now stable. Which explanation is most likely?

1. ADilution of the blood by the IV fluid
2. BA sudden failure of the bone marrow
3. CA laboratory error in the first sample
4. DIncreased red cell production

A patient takes high-dose biotin supplements for hair and nails. Why should the nurse report this before blood tests?

1. ABiotin can distort some immunoassays, such as troponin or TSH
2. BBiotin lowers the hemoglobin by destroying the red cells
3. CBiotin causes a true rise in blood glucose in all patients
4. DBiotin makes the blood clot in the tube before testing

A patient's potassium is 7.0 mEq/L. Which ECG change would the nurse expect?

1. ADelta waves before the QRS
2. BProminent U waves
3. CTall, peaked T waves
4. DFlattened T waves

A patient on hemodialysis receives epoetin, but the hemoglobin has not risen in 2 months. Which results should be checked first?

1. ATroponin and creatine kinase
2. BAmylase and lipase levels
3. CTSH and the free T₃ level
4. DFerritin and transferrin saturation

A patient admitted with heavy alcohol use and malnutrition has a glucose of 52 mg/dL (2.9 mmol/L) and low magnesium. Which prescribed treatment should be given before the IV glucose?

1. AIV insulin
2. BOral iron
3. CIV potassium
4. DIV thiamine