实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

免费可打印的实验室检查值与电解质练习卷：8 道题，从简单到考试水平，附答案。可打印或另存为 PDF。

新练习卷在线练习，附提示

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姓名: ____________________   日期: ____________

1.简单

Which laboratory test is traditionally used to adjust a continuous infusion of unfractionated heparin?

  1. AErythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
  2. BActivated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
  3. CInternational normalized ratio (INR)
  4. DPlatelet function assay (PFA-100 test)
2.简单

A serum sodium of 151 mEq/L is called:

  1. AHyponatremia
  2. BHypercalcemia
  3. CHyperkalemia
  4. DHypernatremia
3.简单

Lactate is mainly produced when cells:

  1. ABreak down glucose without enough oxygen
  2. BStore glucose as glycogen in the muscles
  3. CBreak down fat completely with oxygen
  4. DBreak down protein in the liver for energy
4.中等

A patient on peritoneal dialysis notices that the drained fluid is cloudy and has abdominal pain. What should the nurse do?

  1. ARecord it as normal and continue the usual exchanges
  2. BAdd more glucose to the next bag to clear the fluid
  3. CSend the fluid for cell count and culture and report it
  4. DStop dialysis for a week and recheck the fluid later
5.中等

A patient is on an IV insulin infusion protocol in the ICU. How often is the blood glucose usually checked?

  1. AOnly if symptoms occur
  2. BOnce a day before breakfast
  3. COnce every 12 hours
  4. DAbout every hour
6.中等

A week after a splenectomy, a patient's platelet count is 650 × 10³/µL. What is the best interpretation?

  1. AA laboratory error, because platelets fall after splenectomy
  2. BAn expected rise after splenectomy that increases clot risk
  3. CA sign of iron overload from the surgery and transfusion
  4. DA sign of new leukemia that needs immediate chemotherapy
7.困难

一名患者的万古霉素谷浓度为 28 mcg/mL；开医嘱者设定的目标为 15–20 mcg/mL。下一次给药时间到了。最好的措施是什么？

  1. A缩短给药时间以减少药物暴露
  2. B按计划给药，一周后复测谷浓度
  3. C暂停该剂量，通知开医嘱者并检查肾功能
  4. D给予双倍剂量以更快完成疗程
8.困难

A patient with diabetes had a glucose of 58 mg/dL (3.2 mmol/L), took 15 g of fast-acting carbohydrate and, 15 minutes later, the glucose is 64 mg/dL (3.6 mmol/L). The patient is alert. What should the nurse do next?

  1. AGive another 15 g of fast carbohydrate and recheck
  2. BGive a protein snack only and recheck tomorrow
  3. CWait until the next meal before giving anything
  4. DGive a long-acting insulin dose to stabilize it

答案

  1. 1. B · Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
  2. 2. D · Hypernatremia
  3. 3. A · Break down glucose without enough oxygen
  4. 4. C · Send the fluid for cell count and culture and report it
  5. 5. D · About every hour
  6. 6. B · An expected rise after splenectomy that increases clot risk
  7. 7. C · 暂停该剂量，通知开医嘱者并检查肾功能
  8. 8. A · Give another 15 g of fast carbohydrate and recheck

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