实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

What does the red cell distribution width (RDW) describe?

1. AHow many red cells are young cells
2. BHow much the red cells vary in size
3. CHow fast the red cells settle in a tube
4. DHow long red cells survive in the blood

In the US (NCEP ATP III) classification, which LDL cholesterol level is called optimal for an adult?

1. ABelow 100 mg/dL (2.6 mmol/L)
2. BAbout 220–260 mg/dL (5.7–6.7 mmol/L)
3. CAbout 190 mg/dL (4.9 mmol/L) or more
4. DAbout 160–189 mg/dL (4.1–4.9 mmol/L)

Which ECG change is linked to hypercalcemia?

1. AProminent U waves
2. BA prolonged QT interval
3. CA shortened QT interval
4. DTall, peaked T waves

在慢性肾脏病中，血清磷酸盐升高通常伴有钙的哪种变化？

1. A仅血清钾升高，钙无变化
2. B血清钙降低
3. C钙无变化
4. D血清钙升高

A patient on levothyroxine has palpitations, weight loss and a TSH of 0.05 mIU/L. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AThe patient has stopped the drug
2. BThe levothyroxine dose is too low
3. CThe thyroid is now completely normal
4. DThe levothyroxine dose is too high

A healthy patient's result is slightly outside the laboratory reference range, and all other results are normal. Which statement best explains why this can happen?

1. ARanges cover about 95% of healthy people, so some fall outside
2. BReference ranges are the same in every laboratory worldwide
3. CAny result outside the range always means disease is present
4. DReference ranges include every healthy person without exception

The nurse prepares a patient for a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test tomorrow morning. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll fast overnight but can drink plain water"
2. B"I'll stay seated during the test if I can"
3. C"I'll avoid smoking until the test is over"
4. D"I can have a light breakfast before the test"

After a crush injury, a patient's urine dipstick is strongly positive for blood, but microscopy shows almost no red cells. CK is very high. What best explains this?

1. AA kidney stone is scraping the ureter lining
2. BThe sample was contaminated with menstrual blood
3. CMyoglobin from damaged muscle is in the urine
4. DBleeding is coming from the bladder lining