实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

What does the red cell distribution width (RDW) describe?

1. AHow long red cells survive in the blood
2. BHow much the red cells vary in size
3. CHow fast the red cells settle in a tube
4. DHow many red cells are young cells

Why is AST less specific for liver damage than ALT?

1. AAST is found only in the kidney tubules
2. BAST is also found in heart and skeletal muscle
3. CAST is not measured in the blood at all
4. DAST is made by the bone marrow, not the liver

哪项发现是高血清镁的典型表现？

1. A反射亢进和肌肉抽搐
2. B深腱反射减弱或消失
3. C袖带充气时出现腕痉挛
4. D强烈的口渴

一名一小时前开始胸痛的患者首次肌钙蛋白正常。正确的解释是什么？

1. A不能排除心肌梗死；应按规程重复检测肌钙蛋白
2. B已排除心肌梗死，因此不需要再检测肌钙蛋白
3. C肌钙蛋白对胸痛患者没有用
4. D患者可以立即出院回家

When should a blood specimen tube be labeled?

1. AAt the nurses' station, after all samples for the shift are drawn
2. BAt the bedside, in the patient's presence, using two identifiers
3. CBefore entering the room, so tubes are ready for the next patients
4. DIn the laboratory, by the staff who receive the unlabeled sample

A patient's potassium is 7.0 mEq/L. Which ECG change would the nurse expect?

1. ADelta waves before the QRS
2. BProminent U waves
3. CTall, peaked T waves
4. DFlattened T waves

A patient has painless jaundice, itching, dark urine and pale stools. ALP is markedly raised, conjugated (direct) bilirubin is high and ALT is only mildly raised. What is the most likely cause?

1. AIncreased breakdown of red blood cells (hemolytic anemia)
2. BAcute viral hepatitis with widespread liver cell damage
3. CBlockage of bile flow, for example by a tumor in the bile duct
4. DGilbert syndrome, a harmless inherited bilirubin disorder

The nurse teaches a patient with iron-deficiency anemia who is starting oral iron. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"My stools may look darker while I take the tablets"
2. B"I'll take my iron tablet with a big glass of milk"
3. C"I can take it with orange juice to help absorption"
4. D"I'll keep the tablets out of reach of the children"