实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

Why is prealbumin (transthyretin) sometimes used to follow a patient's nutritional status instead of albumin?

1. AIt has a short half-life, so it changes within days
2. BIt is measured in urine, so no blood test is needed
3. CIt has a long half-life, so it changes over months
4. DIt is not affected by inflammation or liver disease

What does normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) look like?

1. ACloudy and yellow
2. BThick and green
3. CPink and bloody
4. DClear and colorless

What does the term pancytopenia mean?

1. AHigh white cells with low platelets
2. BLow red cells with normal platelets
3. CHigh red cells, white cells and platelets
4. DLow red cells, white cells and platelets

Why must a blue-top (citrate) coagulation tube be filled to the correct level?

1. AAn overfull tube is needed to measure the potassium level
2. BThe blood-to-anticoagulant ratio must be right for accurate clotting times
3. CUnderfilled tubes always give a falsely low hemoglobin and hematocrit
4. DThe laboratory charges extra when a tube is not filled correctly

A patient on a heparin infusion has an aPTT below the target range on the protocol. What should the nurse do?

1. AContinue the same rate and recheck the aPTT in a few days
2. BSwitch the infusion to oral warfarin without a prescription
3. CAdjust the rate as the protocol directs and recheck as scheduled
4. DStop the infusion and give protamine sulfate as quickly as possible

A patient's levothyroxine dose was changed today. When is the TSH usually rechecked?

1. AAfter about 24 hours
2. BAfter about 6–8 weeks
3. CAfter about 1 year
4. DAfter about 3 days

A patient with SIADH is on fluid restriction. Which task can the RN delegate to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP), such as a nursing or healthcare assistant?

1. AMeasuring and recording intake and output
2. BAssessing the patient for new confusion
3. CTeaching the reasons for fluid restriction
4. DDeciding when to recheck the sodium level

A patient with diabetes and chronic kidney disease had a CT scan with IV contrast. Two days later, the creatinine has risen from 1.4 to 2.0 mg/dL (124 to 177 µmol/L). Which action is most appropriate?

1. AGive extra metformin, because the glucose rises after contrast
2. BReport it, monitor urine output and hold metformin until reviewed
3. CRestrict all fluids to protect the kidneys from more contrast
4. DIgnore it, because contrast never affects kidney function