实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

药物的“峰”浓度测量的是什么？

1. A给药后的最高血药浓度
2. B药物产生毒性的水平
3. C一周内的平均水平
4. D下一次给药前的最低血药浓度

成人血清总钙的典型参考范围是多少？

1. A约 12–16 mg/dL（3.0–4.0 mmol/L）
2. B约 1.3–2.1 mg/dL（0.3–0.5 mmol/L）
3. C约 8.5–10.5 mg/dL（2.1–2.6 mmol/L）
4. D约 3.5–5.0 mg/dL（0.87–1.25 mmol/L）

What does a positive direct antiglobulin test (direct Coombs test) show?

1. AThe patient's platelets are clumping together in the blood sample
2. BThe patient's red cells are too small and contain little hemoglobin
3. CThe patient's plasma is missing the clotting factor VIII
4. DAntibodies or complement are attached to the patient's red cells

How often is the INR usually checked when warfarin is first started?

1. AEvery few days, until it is stable
2. BOnly if bleeding occurs at home
3. CEvery hour, during the first week
4. DOnce a year, at a routine visit

A patient with acute pancreatitis has muscle twitching and numbness around the mouth. Which laboratory value should the nurse check?

1. ASerum amylase
2. BSerum chloride
3. CSerum sodium
4. DSerum calcium

在给予处方的静脉氯化钾之前，哪项评估最重要？

1. A尿量和肾功能
2. B双耳听力
3. C瞳孔大小和对光反应
4. D前臂皮肤弹性

A patient with a heart murmur and fever has three sets of blood cultures, taken hours apart, all growing the same Streptococcus species. What does this suggest?

1. APersistent bacteremia, as in infective endocarditis
2. BA normal finding in patients with heart murmurs
3. CA urinary tract infection that has spread to the skin
4. DContamination of all three samples during collection

A patient has taken metformin for 8 years and now has numbness in the feet, a hemoglobin of 10.2 g/dL (102 g/L) and an MCV of 108 fL. Which deficiency is most likely?

1. AVitamin D (calciferol) deficiency
2. BIron deficiency from gut loss
3. CVitamin K deficiency
4. DVitamin B₁₂ deficiency