实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

On urinalysis, dark amber urine with a high specific gravity most often suggests:

1. AVery dilute urine from high fluid intake
2. BConcentrated urine from low fluid intake
3. CNormal urine after drinking extra water
4. DUrine with a large amount of glucose

Where are urinary casts formed?

1. AIn the urethra
2. BIn the ureters
3. CIn the urinary bladder
4. DIn the kidney tubules

癫痫治疗中，血清总丙戊酸（丙戊酸盐）常被引用的治疗范围是多少？

1. A约 5–10 mcg/mL（mg/L）
2. B约 0.6–1.2 mcg/mL（mg/L）
3. C约 500–1000 mcg/mL（mg/L）
4. D约 50–100 mcg/mL（mg/L）

A patient on peritoneal dialysis notices that the drained fluid is cloudy and has abdominal pain. What should the nurse do?

1. ARecord it as normal and continue the usual exchanges
2. BStop dialysis for a week and recheck the fluid later
3. CSend the fluid for cell count and culture and report it
4. DAdd more glucose to the next bag to clear the fluid

一名该服地高辛的患者钾为 3.1 mEq/L。为什么这个结果很重要？

1. A钾与地高辛没有相互作用
2. B低钾增加地高辛中毒的风险
3. C低钾可保护心脏免受地高辛副作用的影响
4. D低钾使地高辛无效，所以应将剂量加倍

A nurse has a needlestick injury from a patient with unknown HIV status. Which test is usually done for the nurse as soon as possible?

1. AA sweat chloride test
2. BA serum lipase test
3. CA baseline HIV test
4. DA thyroid panel test

The nurse teaches a patient with thrombocytopenia (platelets 25 × 10³/µL) about home safety. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll use an electric razor to shave"
2. B"I'll take aspirin if I get a headache"
3. C"I'll use a soft-bristled toothbrush"
4. D"I'll blow my nose gently, not forcefully"

A patient with jaundice and nausea has a positive IgM antibody to hepatitis A virus (IgM anti-HAV). What does this show?

1. APast hepatitis B infection that has cleared
2. BChronic hepatitis A lasting many years
3. CImmunity from hepatitis A vaccine long ago
4. DA current or recent hepatitis A infection