实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

A raised neutrophil count (neutrophilia) is most typical of:

1. AA mild viral cold
2. BVitamin B₁₂ deficiency
3. CHay fever and asthma
4. DAcute bacterial infection

Lactate is mainly produced when cells:

1. ABreak down protein in the liver for energy
2. BStore glucose as glycogen in the muscles
3. CBreak down fat completely with oxygen
4. DBreak down glucose without enough oxygen

Below about which blood glucose level is hypoglycemia usually defined and treated in a person with diabetes?

1. A70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L)
2. B100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L)
3. C126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L)
4. D40 mg/dL (2.2 mmol/L)

A patient has taken a proton pump inhibitor (such as omeprazole) for many years and now has muscle cramps and tremor. Which electrolyte is most likely to be low?

1. AChloride
2. BSodium
3. CPhosphate
4. DMagnesium

万古霉素谷浓度高于目标范围。主要担忧是哪种不良反应？

1. A肾损害（肾毒性）
2. B血小板计数升高（血小板增多症）
3. C便秘和腹胀
4. D低血糖

一名因房颤服用华法林的患者 INR 为 1.4。这意味着什么？

1. A患者不再需要服用华法林
2. B患者出血风险很高，需要立即使用维生素 K
3. C抗凝不足，更容易发生血栓和卒中
4. D剂量恰到好处，无需改变

The nurse teaches a patient with thrombocytopenia (platelets 25 × 10³/µL) about home safety. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll use a soft-bristled toothbrush"
2. B"I'll blow my nose gently, not forcefully"
3. C"I'll use an electric razor to shave"
4. D"I'll take aspirin if I get a headache"

哪项发现最有力地提示患者肌酐升高是由于急性肾损伤，而不是长期的慢性肾脏病？

1. A患者长期贫血
2. B患者超声检查显示肾脏缩小
3. C三天前肌酐正常，此后翻了一倍
4. D患者多年来肌酐一直偏高