实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

Why can bilirubin appear in the urine in obstructive jaundice but not in hemolytic jaundice?

1. AThe kidneys are always damaged in obstructive jaundice
2. BUnconjugated bilirubin is broken down in the bladder
3. COnly conjugated bilirubin is water soluble and filtered
4. DHemolysis stops the kidneys making any urine at all

对于钠和钾，1 mEq/L 与 1 mmol/L 相比如何？

1. A两者相等，因为每个离子带一个电荷
2. B对这些离子来说，1 mEq/L 等于 0.5 mmol/L
3. C对这些离子来说，1 mEq/L 等于 2 mmol/L
4. D无法比较，因为它们测量的是不同的东西

On a liver panel, "direct bilirubin" refers to which form of bilirubin?

1. ABilirubin in the stool
2. BUnconjugated bilirubin
3. CConjugated bilirubin
4. DTotal urine urobilinogen

A urine culture report states "mixed growth of three organisms, likely contamination." What is the nurse's best response?

1. AStart treatment for all three organisms with three antibiotics
2. BInform the provider and arrange a new, correctly collected sample
3. CDiscard the report, because a mixed growth is always normal
4. DRecord the result as a confirmed urinary tract infection

In the third trimester of pregnancy, a woman's alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is about twice the usual adult range, and the other liver tests are normal. What is the best interpretation?

1. AA sign of blocked bile ducts
2. BA sign of acute viral hepatitis
3. CA sign of new bone cancer
4. DA normal rise from placental ALP

A patient with hyponatremia from SIADH starts tolvaptan. Why is the serum sodium checked frequently in the first day?

1. AThe sodium can rise too quickly
2. BThe drug causes severe hyperkalemia
3. CThe drug lowers blood glucose sharply
4. DThe sodium always falls further

The nurse teaches a patient who is starting warfarin. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"If I miss a dose, I will take two tablets the next day"
2. B"I will tell my dentist and pharmacist that I take warfarin"
3. C"I will keep my intake of green leafy vegetables about the same"
4. D"I will have my INR checked as often as I am told to"

A patient without symptoms has a finger-stick glucose of 340 mg/dL (18.9 mmol/L). The previous values were normal, and the patient has just peeled an orange. What should the nurse do first?

1. AGive a correction dose of insulin for a glucose of 340 mg/dL
2. BReport the result as a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus
3. CAsk the laboratory to measure HbA1c from the same drop of blood
4. DHave the patient wash and dry their hands, then repeat the test