1.简单
Which antibody test is most specific for rheumatoid arthritis?
- AAnti-D antibody
- BAnti-HBs antibody
- CAnti-CCP antibodies
- DAntinuclear antibody
2.简单
How does dehydration usually affect the hematocrit?
- AIt raises it
- BIt makes it zero
- CIt lowers it
- DIt has no effect
3.简单
哪个 HbA1c 值达到糖尿病通常的诊断阈值?
- A5.5%(37 mmol/mol)或更高
- B5.0%(31 mmol/mol)或更高
- C4.5%(26 mmol/mol)或更高
- D6.5%(48 mmol/mol)或更高
4.中等
哪种治疗通过使钾进入细胞内来降低血清钾?
- A在 10 分钟内静脉注射葡萄糖酸钙
- B口服氯化钾补充剂
- C静脉输注 0.45% 氯化钠
- D静脉注射普通胰岛素并配合葡萄糖
5.中等
一名服用华法林的患者开始每天大量食用羽衣甘蓝和菠菜。INR 已下降。哪项建议最恰当?
- A在饮食恢复正常之前停用华法林
- B不告诉开医嘱者就将华法林剂量加倍
- C永远不再吃绿叶蔬菜
- D保持富含维生素 K 的食物摄入量每天稳定
6.中等
A patient on hemodialysis has an arteriovenous (AV) fistula in the left arm. Where should the nurse draw routine blood samples?
- AFrom the left wrist
- BFrom the right arm
- CFrom the left hand
- DFrom the fistula
7.困难
A patient on warfarin with an INR of 3.6 fell and hit their head an hour ago. They now report a worsening headache and drowsiness. What is the priority?
- AReport urgently for imaging and possible reversal
- BHold warfarin for one dose and observe at home
- CGive acetaminophen (paracetamol) and recheck the INR tomorrow
- DEncourage rest in a dark room to settle the pain
8.困难
一名严重呕吐的患者钾 3.0 mEq/L,氯 88 mEq/L,碳酸氢盐高。这显示什么模式?
- A伴高阴离子间隙的糖尿病酮症酸中毒
- B高钾伴脱水所致的代谢性酸中毒
- C胃酸丢失:低钾、低氯、代谢性碱中毒
- D结果正常,无需随访
答案
- 1. C · Anti-CCP antibodies
- 2. A · It raises it
- 3. D · 6.5%(48 mmol/mol)或更高
- 4. D · 静脉注射普通胰岛素并配合葡萄糖
- 5. D · 保持富含维生素 K 的食物摄入量每天稳定
- 6. B · From the right arm
- 7. A · Report urgently for imaging and possible reversal
- 8. C · 胃酸丢失:低钾、低氯、代谢性碱中毒
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