实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

Serum creatinine comes mainly from:

1. AThe breakdown of dietary fat in the liver
2. BThe digestion of protein by gut bacteria
3. CThe breakdown of old red cells in the spleen
4. DThe normal breakdown of creatine in muscle

尿比重 1.035 最可能提示：

1. A尿液浓缩，如脱水时
2. B尿路感染
3. C尿液非常稀，如尿崩症时
4. D对每个患者来说都是正常尿液

What does the reticulocyte count measure?

1. AImmature white blood cells released during infection
2. BPlatelets that are larger than normal in size
3. CYoung red blood cells recently released from the bone marrow
4. DOld red blood cells that are being removed by the spleen

In countries that screen all pregnant women (such as the US), a vaginal-rectal swab is taken at about 36–37 weeks. Which organism is it screening for?

1. ACandida albicans
2. BHepatitis B virus
3. CGroup B Streptococcus
4. DStaphylococcus aureus

A patient has macrocytic anemia with numbness and tingling of the feet and poor balance. Which deficiency is most likely?

1. AFolate (folic acid)
2. BIron (low ferritin)
3. CVitamin C (ascorbic acid)
4. DVitamin B₁₂

A healthy woman at 28 weeks of pregnancy has a mildly lower hemoglobin than before pregnancy, with a normal MCV and ferritin. What is the most likely explanation?

1. APregnancy hormones stop the bone marrow from making red cells
2. BIron is being lost through the kidneys during the pregnancy
3. CThe fetus is destroying the mother's red cells in the circulation
4. DPlasma volume rises more than red cell mass, diluting the blood

收到四项实验室结果。护士应首先处理哪一项？

1. A一名昨天因肺炎入院的患者钠 137 mEq/L
2. B一名 CKD 患者钾 6.6 mEq/L，新出现肌无力
3. C一名糖尿病患者餐后血糖 140 mg/dL（7.8 mmol/L）
4. D一名慢性肾脏病患者血红蛋白 11.8 g/dL（118 g/L）

A patient with long-standing rheumatoid arthritis has a hemoglobin of 10.5 g/dL (105 g/L), a low serum iron, a low total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) and a high-normal ferritin. Which condition fits best?

1. AAcute blood loss anemia
2. BVitamin B₁₂ deficiency anemia
3. CAnemia of chronic disease (inflammation)
4. DIron-deficiency anemia