实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

What is a typical reference range for urine specific gravity in an adult?

1. AAbout 1.040–1.060
2. BAbout 1.005–1.030
3. CAbout 0.900–0.990
4. DAbout 1.100–1.300

Uric acid in the blood is a breakdown product of:

1. AGlucose
2. BPurines
3. CFats
4. DHemoglobin

在呼吸困难的患者中，B 型利钠肽（BNP）升高最有力地支持哪种疾病？

1. A心力衰竭
2. B惊恐发作
3. C哮喘发作
4. D肺炎

A week after a splenectomy, a patient's platelet count is 650 × 10³/µL. What is the best interpretation?

1. AA laboratory error, because platelets fall after splenectomy
2. BA sign of iron overload from the surgery and transfusion
3. CAn expected rise after splenectomy that increases clot risk
4. DA sign of new leukemia that needs immediate chemotherapy

Why is a baseline platelet count taken before starting heparin therapy?

1. ABecause heparin is given at a dose based on the platelet count
2. BSo that the INR can be calculated from the platelet count later
3. CBecause heparin increases the platelet count to dangerous levels
4. DSo a later fall from heparin-induced thrombocytopenia is detected

实验室打电话到病房报告钾的危急值 6.9 mEq/L。护士应怎么做？

1. A复述该数值，评估患者并通知医疗人员
2. B记录该数值并交给下一班
3. C等书面报告送到后再采取任何行动
4. D在告诉任何人之前，先请实验室重复检测

An older adult has bone pain, fatigue and frequent infections. Results show anemia, a calcium of 12.4 mg/dL (3.1 mmol/L), a raised total protein and a rising creatinine. Which condition should be suspected?

1. AAcute viral hepatitis
2. BPrimary hypothyroidism
3. CMultiple myeloma
4. DIron-deficiency anemia

A patient has fatigue, weight loss, darkening of the skin and low blood pressure. Results: sodium 130 mEq/L, potassium 5.6 mEq/L. Which test pattern would confirm primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison disease)?

1. AHigh cortisol with a low ACTH
2. BHigh cortisol with a high ACTH
3. CLow cortisol with a high ACTH
4. DLow cortisol with a low ACTH