实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

Which laboratory test is used to monitor warfarin therapy?

1. AD-dimer
2. BPT with INR
3. CaPTT
4. DPlatelet count

How does dehydration usually affect the hematocrit?

1. AIt lowers it
2. BIt has no effect
3. CIt makes it zero
4. DIt raises it

Which body system shows the main symptoms of a low serum sodium?

1. AThe skeleton
2. BThe nervous system
3. CThe eyes only
4. DThe skin and hair

A patient with diabetes is found unconscious with a blood glucose of 38 mg/dL (2.1 mmol/L). Which treatment is appropriate?

1. AOrange juice poured slowly into the patient's mouth
2. BGlucagon by injection, or IV dextrose as prescribed
3. CA dose of rapid-acting insulin to stabilize the glucose
4. DGlucose tablets placed between the patient's teeth

一名患者今天的空腹血糖为 98 mg/dL（5.4 mmol/L），但 HbA1c 为 8.9%（74 mmol/mol）。最好的解释是什么？

1. A患者没有糖尿病
2. B过去 2–3 个月血糖控制不佳
3. CHbA1c 只反映过去 24 小时
4. D今天的良好结果表明糖尿病控制良好

A patient with recurrent gout starts allopurinol. Which laboratory result shows that the treatment is achieving its goal?

1. AA rising serum calcium
2. BA falling serum uric acid
3. CA falling serum potassium
4. DA rising white cell count

A patient with suspected Cushing syndrome takes dexamethasone at night. The next morning, the cortisol is still high. What does this suggest?

1. ACortisol is being produced without normal feedback control
2. BThe adrenal glands are not able to produce enough cortisol
3. CThe result is normal, as dexamethasone raises cortisol
4. DThe patient has primary hypothyroidism instead

A patient with acute pancreatitis has a rising BUN, a falling calcium and a glucose of 250 mg/dL (13.9 mmol/L) over the first 48 hours. What do these results suggest?

1. AIncreasingly severe pancreatitis
2. BA resolving, mild pancreatitis
3. CAn unrelated new kidney stone
4. DA lab error from lipemic samples