实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

Which blood marker is the most specific for injury to the heart muscle?

1. ASerum myoglobin
2. BTotal creatine kinase
3. CLactate dehydrogenase
4. DCardiac troponin

哪项肝脏检查主要在肝细胞受损时升高？

1. A糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）
2. BALT（丙氨酸转氨酶）
3. C血尿素氮（BUN）
4. D肌酸激酶（CK）

成人血清钠的典型参考范围是多少？

1. A135–145 mEq/L
2. B150–165 mEq/L
3. C3.5–5.0 mEq/L
4. D95–105 mEq/L

A patient has started parenteral nutrition (PN) through a central line. Which test is monitored most frequently in the first days?

1. ASerum lipase
2. BThyroid hormones
3. CHemoglobin A1c
4. DBlood glucose

A patient's eGFR has fallen to 24 mL/min/1.73 m². Which prescribed drug should the nurse question before giving it?

1. AAcetaminophen (paracetamol)
2. BMetformin
3. CLevothyroxine
4. DInsulin glargine

一名服用苯妥英的患者血药水平为 28 mcg/mL（通常范围约 10–20 mcg/mL）。护士预期会有哪些发现？

1. A仅有多动行为和失眠
2. B眼球震颤、步态不稳和言语含糊
3. CT 波高尖
4. D饥饿和体重增加

A patient's low calcium does not improve despite several days of calcium replacement. Which other electrolyte should be checked and corrected?

1. ASodium
2. BMagnesium
3. CBicarbonate
4. DChloride

一名慢性肾脏病患者磷酸盐为 7.2 mg/dL（2.3 mmol/L）。哪项饮食指导最恰当？

1. A空腹服用钙补充剂以代替结合剂
2. B限制富含磷酸盐的食物，如加工食品和可乐
3. C多喝可乐类软饮料以保持水分
4. D增加牛奶和奶酪，以防止骨骼钙丢失